구두성과 로마서 5장: 구두성서비평을 통한 구두적 특징 검토
Orality and Romans 5: An Examination of the Salient Oral Features via Oral Biblical Criticism
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현대의 독자들은 신약성경을 읽을 때 침묵 가운데 마치 현대의 일반 서류나 컴퓨터의 문서를 읽듯이 한다. 신약성경이 쓰여질 당시 문화에서는 말(구두) 로 전달하는 것과 듣기(청취)를 통하여 정보를 습득하는 방법이 글과 같은 문서화된 의사소통 방법보다 더욱 보편적 이었다. 바울은 자신이 살았던 당 시에 일반문헌들이 사용된 것과 같이 로마서를 청중들 가운데 큰 소리로 읽 혀지고 듣도록 기록하였다. 따라서, 로마서 안에도 구두성(orality)과 청취성 (aurality)의 의사소통 요소가 있다. 따라서, 본 소논문은 로마서가 읽기보다는 듣기에 더욱 익숙한 회중들을 설득하기 위한 구두적 특징이 있음을 밝히려 한다. 특히, 로마서 5장에서 현저하게 나타나는 구두적 특징들 [(1) 연설기술, (2) 반복, (3) 특이한 단어 사용]을 연구하고 제시하려 한다. 또한, 신약성서 가 기록될 당시의 구두문화의 특성을 설명하고, 케이스 데비스의 신약성경 분석 모델인 구두성서비평을 설명하려 한다. 이러한 성서비평 중 합당한 기 준을 이용하여 로마서 5장에서 사용된 구두전달장치를 찾으려 한다. 성경 안 에 내재된 구두적/청취적 성격을 파악하는 연구는 로마서 5장을 읽는 현대 독 자들에게 성경의 메시지(본문이 말하고자 하는 내용)뿐만 아니라 성경적 의사전달(본문의 의사소통)효과까지도 감상할 수 있는 기회를 제공 해 줄 것이다. 이와 같이 성경 본문 안에서 발견되는 의사전달효과에 대한 기초적인 연구는 차후 설교학에서 보다 본문에 충실한 설교를 형성하는데 기초적인 도움을 줄 것이다.
Abstract
Contemporary readers read the New Testament in silence as they do their normal contemporary documents or online text files. In the culture of New Testament composition, oral/aural communications were more popular than literary communication. Paul wrote Romans to be read aloud as is other literature in antiquity, for Romans contains ingredients of oral/aural communication. This paper asserts that Romans 5 contains apparent oral characteristics to persuade aural-oriented congregations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the salient features of orality in Romans 5 by examining these features from the perspective of oral biblical criticism. These features include the following: (1) figures of speech, (2) reiteration, and (3) in- frequent words. In order to fulfill this goal, this paper critically explicates the particular nature of the oral culture in New Testament composition and presents Case W. Davis’s latest New Testament analysis model: oral biblical criticism. Using the most relevant criteria of this model, this paper will examine the oral devices in Romans 5. An awareness of these oral/aural features will help contemporary readers of Romans 5 to have a greater ap- preciation for not only the biblical message, but also the biblical communi- cative effect.
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