열왕기에서의 그리스도
Christ in the Book of Kings
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이 논문은 성경신학적 측면에서 열왕기가 어떻게 예수 그리스도를 드러내는 지를 살핀다. 특별히 시드니 그레이다누스가 제시하는 ‘약속-성취’와 ‘모형’ 의 방법론에 기초하여 열왕기가 드러내는 그리스도를 발견하려고 시도한다. 약속-성취의 방법은 열왕기에서 오실 그리스도에 대한 약속을 찾고 그 약속 의 성취를 신약에서 관찰하는 것이다. 모형은 열왕기의 사건, 사람, 제도가 예수 그리스도의 인격과 사역을 예표하는 지를 찾는 방법이다. 이 두 가지 방법 가운데 약속-성취의 측면에서 살펴보면 열왕기는 신약 의 그리스도와 관련된 다윗왕조의 약속(삼하 7:12-16)에 대한 하나님의 신실 한 성취를 왕들의 역사 속에서 보여준다(왕상 11:36; 15:4 등). 심지어 포로 동안의 이방 지배 아래서도 이 약속에 대한 성취가 계속적으로 강조되고 있 음을 열왕기는 보여준다(왕하 25:27-30). 곧 다윗 자손의 건재(여호야긴)를 통 해 다윗 자손으로 오시는 종말론적 메시아에 대한 대망을 보여준다(마 1:1, 6; 막 10:47-48). 다음으로 모형적 측면에서 열왕기는 왕, 선지자, 제사장들 곧 일반적 메 시아들을 통해 종말에 오실 메시아를 예표한다. 다윗 계보의 왕들 가운데 특 별히 솔로몬, 히스기야, 요시야는 이상적인 모습이나 부정적 활동들을 통해 그리스도를 예표한다. 엘리야와 엘리사 선지자도 여러 면에서 선지적 메시 아를 미리 보여준다. 요아스 왕을 구하고 백성을 바알 숭배에서 돌아오게 한 제사장 여호야다 또한 충실한 제사장으로서의 메시아를 예표한다.
Abstract
This article investigates how the book of Kings reveals Jesus Christ from the perspective of biblical theology. In particular, we attempts to find Christ in the book of Kings on the basis of the two ways, ‘promise-fulfillment’ and ‘typology’ which Sidney Greidanus has suggested. The way of promise-fulfillment is to find Christ by observing a promise of the coming Messiah in the book of Kings and the ultimate fulfillment of the promise in the New Testament. The way of typology is to find Christ by investigating whether events, persons, or institutions in the book of Kings can function as types which foreshadow the person and work of Jesus Christ. First, in the way of promise-fulfillment the book of Kings demonstrates God’s faithfulness to the promise to Davidic dynasty which is related to Christ (2 Sam. 7:12-16; 1 Kgs. 11:36; 15:4, etc.). The book of Kings also shows that God’s favor still attended David’s descendants even during the Exile and under foreign domination (2 Kgs. 25:27-30). The release of David’s descendant (Jehoiachin) reveals the hope for the eschatological Messiah who will come as the descendant of David (Matt. 1:1, 6; Mark 10:47-48, etc.). Then, in the way of typology the book of Kings prefigures the eschatological Messiah through the general Messiahs, namely, the Davidic kings, priests and prophets. Among the Davidic kings, Solomon, Hezekiah, and Josiah prefigure Christ through their ideal works or negative activities. The prophets, Elijah and Elisha also prefigure Christ in many ways. As a faithful priest, Jehoiada is a type of Christ, making Joash king and restoring the relationship between God and his people through removing the sin of the Baal-worship.
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