에베소서에 나타난 “평화”에 대한 또 다른 이해: 황제숭배 의식(Imperial Cult)이 상징하는 “평화”와 관련하여
Another Meaning of Peace in Ephesians: In Relation to Meaning of Peace in Imperial Cult
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초록
에베소서에서 “평화”라는 주제는 그리스도에 의해 이루어진 화해의 관점에 서편지전체의흐름을이끌고있다. 주목할만하게, 이편지의배경이되는 주후 1세기에는 황제숭배 의식을 통하여 평화의 개념이 만연해 있었다. 이 소고에서 필자는 로마 제국 내에 널리 퍼져 있었던 황제숭배 의식이 상징하 는 평화와 에베소서에 두드러지게 강조된 평화의 의미를 비교하면서, 에베 소서의 저자 바울이 의도하는 진정한 평화가 무엇인지를 밝히려고 한다. 이 것을 위해서, 먼저 필자는 황제숭배 의식이 어떻게 유래되었는지 살펴보면 서, 이의식이발전할수있었던여러정황들을조사할것이다. 그런다음, 필자는 로마 제국 내에서 거행된 이 의식이 전쟁에서의 승리를 통해 획득한 평화였다는 것을 드러낼 것이다. 특히 이 의식은 소 아시아에서 각 지역의 이방 신전 의식들과 결합되어 발전하게 되었는데, 각 지역의 신전들과 신상 들, 그리고 사당들과 같은 여러 상기물들을 통하여 일반 대중들에게 널리 보 급되었다. 필자는 황제숭배 의식에서 내포된 평화의 개념뿐만 아니라, 바울 이예수를평화그자체이자, 하나님과인류의관계에참평화를가져온분 으로서 묘사한다는 것을 것을 드러냄과 동시에, 주후 1세기에 존재한 이 두 평화 는 전적으로 다른 것이었음을 강조할 것이다.
Abstract
The theme of peace plays a pivotal role in Ephesians, guiding the flow of the whole letter in light of the cosmic reconciliation performed in Christ. In this paper, I compare the meaning of peace in the imperial cult of the Roman Empire with true peace in Ephesians. After examining the preliminary environments for the imperial cult in the Roman culture, I focus on the imperial cult in the Roman Empire in which connoted peace based on war and victory. Especially, the imperial cult had been developed in Asia Minor combined with the local cults. Such a combination provided a cognitive system through various reminders such as temples, statues, and shrines. In light of the image of peace drawn from the imperial cult, I examine the meaning of peace in Ephesians. The author of Ephesians identifies Jesus both as peace itself and as the one who establishes peace in relationships between God and human beings, and between human beings. That was different from peace drawn from the imperial cult which symbolized oppression, fear, threat, war, etc. In this manner, I argue that in the letter the author of Ephesians expresses the meaning of true peace different from that of imperial cult.
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