중국 조선족 전통체육종목의 전개양상과 발전과제

Abstract

Traditional sports of a minority race have been recognized as an eternal cultural inheritance of Chinese and a main part of social sports in Republic of China.ThetraditionalsportsprogramsofChina, asmultiracialcountry, are very rich, various and have many national-regional characteristics. The traditional sports of Korean-Chinese in ChinawasaspiritofKorean people, which had been handed down against adversity of loosing their sovereignty and also cured the pain of life in a foreign country. They had developed them realistically in the huge cultural circumstances of Chinese after Independence Day of Korea. The study for national-traditional sports of Korean-Chinese in Chinais not only the main component of study for traditional sports of a minority race in China, butalsohasthemeaningasapartofstudyfortraditional sports by unified South and North Korea and the Pan－nation. Based on this, a study for folk sports of Koreans abroad is very important for a study for folk sports and sports history of Korean. It has an important meaning as gaining the data for a close examination of identity of Koreanculture. The purpose of this study is to review the transmission and historical development of Korean traditional sports of Korean-Chinese in China － a Korean wrestling（ssirum)， a Korean trapeze（gune） and a Korean seesaw （nelduiki）， to clarify the developments and characteristics among at the fluctuating historical development stage. Also to examine the historical backing and social circumstances which made the Korean traditional sport recognized by athletic organization of Chinatoformanddevelop.Also, the details which they could be accepted as formal game in ‘China National Minority race's traditional sports competition（中國少數民族 傳統體育大會）’and the appropriateness of preservation and development of traditional sports by being the game are reviewed. Further, based on price in a cultural heritage, this study is to examine the possibility and desirable development which can contribute to form a unified formation of Korean traditional sports and culture as well as sports of Chinese by providing the possibility to extend successfully the superiority of our culture, The main contents are a study for the most representative Korean wresting， Korean trapeze and Korean seesaw among traditional sports of Korean-Chinese in China and the subject of this study is Yian bian（延邊）area which is representative of culture of Korean-Chinese in China.In order to find the transmission and development of Korean traditional sports of Korean-Chinese in China, basedonformationandprosperitystages, I separate and examine them by three stages as follows； A formative stage(emigrant and formation of a Korean society of Korean in China to 1945 national independence from Japan)，a extension stage (from 1945 national independence to 1981 decision for holding a ‘China National Minority race’s traditional sports competition’ ） and a development stage(from 1981 decision for holding a ‘China National Minority race's traditional sports competition’ to present). The results are as follows； Firstly, at the transmission stage of Korean traditional sports of Korean -Chinese in China, aKoreanwresting, aKorantrapezeandaKorean seesaw started to be a form a Koreatraditionalsportspromotedand sponsored by our private organization from local and popular sports. These kinds of national sports have been played on our traditional holidays and have played an importance role to clarify our identity under life in foreign country and to succeed and raise the national culture. Secondly， it is very clear that the traditional sports of Korean－Chinese in China, a Korean wrestling, a Korean trapeze and a Korean seesaw were strongly affected by north area of Korean peninsular at the stage of transmission and extension. During period under rule of Japanese imperialism and after independence, under division of Korea, Korean -Chinese in Chinasearchedformethodtodeveloptheirnationalcultureat the north area of Korean peninsular due to their political ideology. For this reason, nowadays, a Korean wrestling, a Korean trapeze and a Korean seesaw have basically the similar characteristic with rules of sports played in north area of Korea. Thirdly, the national-traditional sports became representative sports of Korean. Chinese in Chinaowingtoaprotectivepolicyforminorityraceof China Communist under a political system of socialism. They also became the formal game at ‘China National Minority race’s traditional sports competition’ which is one of five Chinese sports events and developed as traditional sports which have been highlighted by 55 minority races of China.