조선 후기 교육 풍토 검토 : 경화사족 남공철의 사례를 통해

Abstract

Nam Gongcheol (南公轍, 1760∼1840) was a representative literary official and politician in the late Chosun Dynasty. In Jeongjo (正祖) and Sunjo (純祖) period he was in charge of the education of young students and the royal family. Above all things, to study Nam Gongcheol’s knowledge and life will help to understand the aspects of the scholarship and academic trends during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. His life can be divided into three stages, the Learning period (1775∼1783), the Changing period (1784∼1792), the Conservative period (1793 onwards). He learned Gomun (古文) from Kim Suntaek (金純澤, 1714∼1787) and formed a conservative view of learning. However, in his mid-twenties, he developed a liberal and flexible thinking. He also embraced impractical interests such as Paekwansosol (稗官小說) from the Ching Dynasty, but stayed in public service for a long time. Munchebanjeong was particularly attributable to his conservative academic attitude. In summary, to review his academic career provides educational implications. This makes it reaffirmed that can stretch the contents, methods, imposed a purpose, from top to bottom problems existing teaching methods, to encourage the free learning environment that meets the individual's hobbies, tastes, autonomous personality and creativity in education. Also showed just the limits of education based on the external purpose.