아브라함 카이퍼와 프란츠 폰 바더 - 바더의 계시철학이 카이퍼의 기독교세계관에 준 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to compare the philosophy of Abraham Kuyper (1837–2020) and the German Catholic philosopher Franz von Baader (1765–1841), who provided the basis for Kuyper’s theory of Christian worldview. A recent study by J. Glenn Friesen highlighted von Baarder's philosophy in the study of Kuyper as one of his philosophical sources. First, in this paper, I summarize the characteristics of von Baarder's philosophy and then examine how Baarder's philosophy influenced Kuyper's ideas. Here, I pay attention to the 19th century Dutch Mediation theology to explain the relationship between von Baarder and Kuyper. Mediation theology, influenced by Schleiermacher and Kierkegaard, emphasized the inner dimension of faith rather than doctrine and church system, and argued that the Bible became the living word of God by reaching the inner side of the believer. Just as the Neoplatonism that led Augustine to Christianity, there was Mediation theology that led Kuyper to Calvinism. It was von Baarder who provided the philosophical foundation for this Mediation theology. In this respect, von Baader can be said to have provided an important source for the formation of Kuyper's unique Neo-Calvinist theology and Christian worldview. The conclusion of this paper comparing the ideas of von Baarder and Kuyper shows that Baarder's influence appears to Kuyper on three subjects. The themes are: first, Sphere sovereignty and an organic view of society, second, criticism of the autonomy of reason and the need for dualistic confrontation(Antithesis), and third, the need for Christian studies/university.