만주국의 조선 주재 영사관 설립과 교민 관리에 대한 일고찰(一考察)

Abstract

Following the Empire of Japan’s aggressive policy toward China, Manchukuo established two consulates in Joseon in the late 1930s. One was the consulate in Sinuiju, and the other was the Honorary Consulate General in Gyeongseong(J. Keijō). These consulates were designated to deal with affairs of Manchukuo residents in Joseon and to promote economic integration between the two regions. During the establishment of Manchukuo’s consulates, the Governor–General of Joseon also played an active role. Once after Manchukuo’s consulates had been established, the apparatus performed meaningful tasks such as the enrollment of Manchukuo residents and the establishment of mass organizations and schools for them. In sum, the Manchukuo consulates in Joseon functioned to negotiate passage between two colonized areas, competing with the Republic of China’s consulate. As the living conditions of Overseas Chinese in Joseon worsened after the Sino-Japanese War, Manchukuo’s consulates helped Overseas Chinese who wanted to change their nationality to that of Manchukuo even though their behavior was based more so on the survival instinct rather than on true identity.