생존과 친일 사이 -중일전쟁 시기 신의주화교의 동향-

Abstract

This paper is to research overseas Chinese of Shinuiju who met the matter of both their survival and pro-Japanese in Sino-Japanese war era. First of all it deals with the identification of overseas Chinese(Huachao). Overseas Chinse in Joseon mostly had the identification of National Government of China irrespective of their birth in China, but overseas Chinese who came to Joseon from Manjuria since had come into existence were called overseas Manjurians(Manchao). Geographically the place where overseas Manjurians lived most was Pyeonganbukdo that included Shinuiju. Men who had the identification of overseas Manjurians were favorably granted than overseas Chinese. Thus most of powerful overseas Chinese in Shinuiju changed their identification to the one of Manjuria following the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, which considerably impacted the overseas Chinese society. In sequence this research checked the aspect of the primary school for overseas Chinese and the problem of pro-Japanese. National Government of Wang Jing-wei laid stress on the education of Chinese identity and granted more subsidy for it than Nanjing National Government of China. The control of Chinese Consulate in Joseon was strengthened as the education support grant increased. The officials of the Consulate additionally held the principal of schools that were divided in three such as primary, industrial and farming school in Shinuiju, and the most of teachers were from Manjuria. The schools were used for the places for holding ceremony and mobilizing people as the control of them were strengthened by the Consulate. Allocations of contributions for pro-Japanese were 'ordinarily' allocated to all overseas Chinese who included the rich of them, and such an act of pro-Japanese was not relevant to their survivals.