6세기 중·후반 요서말갈(遼西 靺鞨)과 돌궐·고구려

Abstract

This article considers the trend of entire Bu(部) in relation to Dolgwo and Goguryeo in the formation period of Yoseo malgal in the middle and late 6th century. In this period, first of all, the existence of Yoseo malgal is confirmed in this article. Malgal(靺鞨) has appeared in the literature historical material since the middle 6th century, and its fullscale activity has appeared in the area of Yoseo(遼西). Malgal army of Gaobaoning(高寶寜) and Songmal malgal(粟末靺鞨) of Doljigye(突地 稽) force are the representatives. Until the middle 6th century, the protagonist of the Yoseo area was Georan(契丹). On the contrary, Malgal was originally one part of Mulgil(勿吉) and located in the Songhuajiang(松花江) basin, east of Yoha(遼河). Thus, Yoseo malgal was thought to have formed by migrating of Mulgil around the middle 6th century. In the middle 6th century, Georan of Yoseo area was shaken 6세기 중·후반 요서말갈(遼西靺鞨)과 돌궐·고구려 | 41 continuously by the attack and pressure of Beiqi(北齊) and Dolgwo. As a result, a vacuum was created. This change of international situation was the background of the formation of Yoseo Malgal. In the middle 6th century, Georan of Yoseo area was controlled by Dolgwo. Therefore, it was determined that the formation of Yoseo Malgal was also closely related to Dolgwo. It is assumed that the pro-Dolgwo Songmal malgal constitutes one axis of the formation of Yoseo Malgal. Dolgwo tried to control and check Georan through Yoseo Malgal, and furthermore they tried to keep Koguryeo in check. In the late 6th and early 7th centuries, the residence of Songmal bu(粟末部) was large area and divided into small bu(小部), and their political stance differed between pro-Dolgwo and pro-Goguryeo. The 7th part of “Biography of Malgal(靺鞨傳)” of the Shi-shu(隋書) is interpreted as referring to the representative 小部 alliance. In the case of the Songmal-bu, it was called the 小部 alliance of Doljigye forces. In the “Biography of Malgal(靺鞨傳)” of the Shi-shu(隋書), it was said that Baeksan-bu(白山部) was located in the southeast of Songmal-bu. Therefore, it was assumed that Baeksan-bu was located in the southeast of Yoseo. It regarded that Songmal-bu and Baeksan-bu of “Biography of Malgal(靺鞨傳)” as a part of Yoseo malgal. Also, it was understood that Yoseo malgal had established a political master servant relationship with Goguryeo through military bases installed in the east of Yoseo.