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부모 소득 및 학력이 유아의 친사회적 행동과 언어 및 인지발달에 미치는 영향: 부모양육태도와 교사요인의 매개효과를 중심으로

The Effect of Parents' Income and Education on Children’s Pro-Social Behavior, Language and Cognitive Development: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Parent Attitudes and Teacher Factors

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This study is designed to analyze the effect of parents' income and education level on children’s pro-social behavior,language and cognitive development, focusing on parent and teacher attitudes. Using the Panel Study on KoreanChildren at KICCE (Korean Institute of Child Care and Education), this study examined the relationship betweenmonthly income, parents’ education, teachers’ efficacy, teacher-children interaction, children’s pro-social behavior, andchildren's cognitive development. The study involved 1,703 respondents; the average age of the group being 51.89months-old. The results were as follows: First, parents' background had a negative effect on children’s pro-socialbehavior and no direct effect on language and cognitive development. However, parents' variables had a positiveeffect on pro-social behavior and language and cognitive development mediated by parenting attitudes and teachers’attitudes. That is, parents' factors had no direct or negative effect on children’s development, but desirableparenting attitudes and teachers’ attitudes would be mediating factors to improve children’s social and cognitiveabilities. Second, parenting attitudes influenced only preschoolers’ pro-social behavior but teacher attitudes improvedboth their pro-social behavior and language cognitive ability considerably. More importantly, these findings haveshown that teachers play a role as “significant others” to children. Suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

Abstract

This study is designed to analyze the effect of parents' income and education level on children’s pro-social behavior,language and cognitive development, focusing on parent and teacher attitudes. Using the Panel Study on KoreanChildren at KICCE (Korean Institute of Child Care and Education), this study examined the relationship betweenmonthly income, parents’ education, teachers’ efficacy, teacher-children interaction, children’s pro-social behavior, andchildren's cognitive development. The study involved 1,703 respondents; the average age of the group being 51.89months-old. The results were as follows: First, parents' background had a negative effect on children’s pro-socialbehavior and no direct effect on language and cognitive development. However, parents' variables had a positiveeffect on pro-social behavior and language and cognitive development mediated by parenting attitudes and teachers’attitudes. That is, parents' factors had no direct or negative effect on children’s development, but desirableparenting attitudes and teachers’ attitudes would be mediating factors to improve children’s social and cognitiveabilities. Second, parenting attitudes influenced only preschoolers’ pro-social behavior but teacher attitudes improvedboth their pro-social behavior and language cognitive ability considerably. More importantly, these findings haveshown that teachers play a role as “significant others” to children. Suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

참고문헌 (39)

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