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직장 내 괴롭힘에 관한 이론적 개관 및 상담학적 시사점

Theoretical Review and Counseling Implications for Workplace Bullying

유현실|현숙자
한국상담학회 (Korean Counseling Association (KCA))|2023.08|상담학연구 (Korea Journal of Counseling)|제24권 제4호|pp. 55-80|DOI 10.15703/kjc.24.4.202308.55

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참고문헌

키워드

직장 내 괴롭힘workplace bullyingexplanatory model설명모델개입모델상담학적 시사점intervention modelcounseling implications
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 서술적 문헌검토 방법을 사용하여 직장 내 괴롭힘에 관한 연구 문헌들을 개관하였다. 직장 내 괴롭힘에 관한 개관 연구는 이론적 개념, 설명모델, 개입모델, 경험적 연구결과로 구성하였다. 직장 내 괴롭힘의 이론적 개념과 관련해서는 직장 내 괴롭힘 연구의 역사, 정의, 유사개념에 관한 내용을 제시하였으며, 특히 직장 내 괴롭힘의 개념은 대인 간 갈등, 수동공격과 변별하여 제시하였다. 직장 내 괴롭힘의 설명모델과 관련해서 직장 내 괴롭힘 종합모델, 직장 내 정서학대 과정모델, 직장 내 집단공격 모델을 소개하였다. 그리고 각 설명모델 간의 비교를 시도하였으며, 조직적 선행요인, 피해자 평가과정, 개인자원 손실, 피해자 통제인식이 각 모델의 주요한 차이점임을 밝혀냈다. 직장 내 괴롭힘 개입모델과 관련해서는 직장 내 괴롭힘 개입모델, 안정화 개입모델, 자원보존이론을 검토하였다. 또한, 경험적 연구결과를 토대로 직장 내 괴롭힘의 양상을 피해자, 행위자, 대처방식요인으로 구분하여 확인하고자 하였다. 마지막으로, 직장 내 괴롭힘 개관 연구를 토대로 조직적 지원 및 상담자 양성에 관한 상담학적 시사점을 논의하였고, 본 연구의 한계점도 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study was conducted to derive counseling implications by reviewing domestic and foreign research literature on bullying in the workplace. Literature review on workplace bullying consisted of theoretical concepts, explanatory models, intervention models, and empirical research results. Regarding the theoretical concept of workplace bullying, the history, definition, and similar concepts of workplace bullying studies were presented, and in particular, the concept of workplace bullying was presented differently from interpersonal conflict and passive aggression. Regarding the explanatory model of bullying in the workplace, the comprehensive model of bullying in the workplace, the emotional abuse process model, the group attack model were introduced. In particular, a comparison between the explanatory models was attempted, and it was found that organizational antecedents, victim evaluation processes, personal resource loss, and victim control perception were the main differences of explanatory models. Regarding the workplace bullying intervention models, the workplace bullying intervention model, stabilization intervention model, and resource conservation theory were reviewed. In addition, based on the results of empirical research, the pattern of bullying in the workplace was divided into victims, actors, and coping mechanism factors to confirm. Finally, based on the workplace bullying literature review study, counseling implications for counseling intervention, organizational support, and counselor training were discussed, and the limitations of this study were also presented.

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