동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램이 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 효과
A study on the impact of fairy tales-utilizing group play program on the improved self-efficacy in children with mild intellectual disability
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본 연구는 경도 지적장애 아동에게 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램을 실시하여 자기효능감을 향상시키는지를 알아보는데 목적을 두고 실시되었다. 연구대상은 P시에 소재한 S치료실을 이용하는 아동 중 언어치료사가 의뢰하고, 자기효능감 검사에서 낮은 점수를 받은 만11세 아동 3명이다. 연구문제는 첫째, 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램이 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는가? 둘째, 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램이 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감 행동 변화에 영향을 미치는가? 이다. 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램의 목표는 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 과제난이도선호를 향상시키는 것이다. 프로그램은 주 2회, 1회기 60분, 총 12회기로 실시하였고 매 회기는 이완활동(10분), 구조화된 활동(25분), 토론활동(5분)으로 진행하였다. 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램이 아동의 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 프로그램 실시 전, 실시 후에 자기효능감 검사를 실시하여 제시하였고, 매 회기 자유놀이 상황을 녹화하여 자기효능감 행동을 자기효능감 행동 관찰 척도에 따라 회기 별로 질적 분석하여 빈도를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램은 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감을 향상시킨다. 둘째, 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램은 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감 행동을 향상시킨다. 따라서 본 연구는 소수사례 실험연구로 일반화하는데 제한점이 있으나, 동화를 활용한 집단놀이 프로그램이 경도 지적장애 아동의 자기효능감을 향상시키는데 효과가 있었음을 알 수 있다.
Abstract
This study aims to conduct fairy tales-utilizing group play program for children with mild intellectual disability to see if their self-efficacy improved. A speech therapist requested children who used S treatment room located at P city to take self-efficacy test. Among them, the subjects of this study are three(3) 11 years olds who received lower scores in the test. The goal of this fairy tales-utilizing group play program is to improve self-confidence, self-regulation efficacy, and preference for task difficulty. We conduct a total of 12 sessions for this program: 60 minutes per session, twice a week. Each session includes relaxation activity(10 min.), structured activity(25 min.), and discussion activity(5 min.). We present the impact of the fairy tales-utilizing group play program on children's self-efficacy by conducting a self-efficacy test before and after the program. We also videotape children's free play situations in every session, make a qualitative analysis of the self-efficacy behavior by session according to the self-efficacy behavioral observation scales and present frequency. Our findings are as follows: First, the fairy tales-utilizing group play program improves the self-efficacy in children with mild intellectual disability. Second, the self-efficacy behavior within a session increases during the fairy tales-utilizing group play program. In conclusion, because this study covers only a few subjects, the study has limitations in its generalization. However, it is important to note that but the fairy tales-utilizing group play program was found to be effective in improving the self-efficacy in children with mild intellectual disability.
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