학습목표 지향성과 학습 자기효능감이 적응적 수행에 미치는 영향: 비공식적 일터학습의 매개효과
The Effect of Learning Goal Orientation and Learning Self-Efficacy on Adaptive Performance: Mediating Effect of Informal Workplace Learning
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참고문헌
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초록
급격한 경영환경의 변화는 조직구성원들이 수행하는 직무 또는 업무의 본질에 변화를 초래하고 있는데 업무과제들이 더욱 비정형화 되어가고 있고 사전에 업무상의 요구를 예측하는 것이 더욱 어려운 상황이 되었다. 따라서 일터에서의 학습도 정형화된 학습형태가 아닌 비정형화된 학습 즉, 비공식적 학습이 더욱 주목을 받고 있다. 개인특성은 자신의 학습능력에 대한 태도와 노력을 결정하기 때문에 업무 적응성 등 성과에 영향을 미친다는 많은 결과를 제시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 개인특성으로써 학습목표 지향성과 학습 자기효능감이 적응적 수행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 확인하였으며, 이들 간의 관계에서 비공식적 일터학습의 매개효과를 구조방정식을 통해 실증적으로 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과 학습 자기효능감은 적응적 수행에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비공식적 일터학습은 개인특성과 적응적 수행을 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 학습목표 지향성은 적응적 수행에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타나고 있으나 이는 기존 연구결과 와는 상반되는 결과로써 해석상에 주의가 필요하다. 결국 비공식적 일터학습은 개인특성과 적응적 수행을 매개하기 때문에 개인적 차원에서 비공식적 일터학습 활동을 지속적으로 확대하며, 새로운 업무과제가 주어지거나 문제에 직면하는 경우에 필요한 적응성을 향상시키려는 노력이 요구된다. 또한 조직은 공식적인 교육훈련 프로그램의 설계, 실행 뿐 아니라 비공식적 일터학습에 필요한 지원적 체계를 마련할 필요가 있다는 시사점이 도출되었다. 끝으로 연구 설계의 문제점과 향후 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The fast changing business environment have been giving rise to a fundamental change on individual job or work. The challenge of work makes individual tasks to departs from standard pattern. It is more difficult that the needs for individual competency is anticipated. This change causes that adaptability on workplace become more interesting. Also individual characteristics influence learning and job performance because they have impact on attitude or judgement on his or her learning ability and determine the degree of efforts on learning activities. This study pursues to test a structural equation model that identifies the relationship between individual characteristics and adaptive performance, and the effect of informal workplace learning on the relationship. The results show that informal workplace learning mediates the relationship between individual characteristics and adaptive performance, and self learning efficacy has significant impact on adaptive performance. However, learning goal orientation does not have relationship with adaptive performance, which is different from current knowledge on learning goal orientation and performance. Consequently the results should be carefully interpreted. For the practical standpoints, this study provides that informal workplace learning can be used to improve individual job performance, which suggests that organizations can improve individual job performance by encouraging informal workplace learning. To do so, organization should make an learning environment where individuals learn each other, reflect themselves, and earn knowledge and skills through external sources. Organizations can be beneficial through individual informal workplace learning. Finally, some limitations that this study has and suggestions for future study are presented.
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