'정한위략(征韓偉略)'과 임진전쟁

Abstract

『Jeonghanwiryak』 is a source book written in 1831 by Kawaguchi Joju of the Mito Domain in Chinese text that summarizes the diplomatic and war situation from 1586 (14th year of Tianjeong) to 1598 (3rd year of Gyeongjang). This book praises Toyotomi Hideyoshi's foreign expedition as ‘great achievement’ and highly evaluates the invasion of Joseon which are the characteristics and limitation of the book. In this study, I investigated the influence of 『Jeonghanwiryak』 on intellectuals at that time, focusing on the background of the Imjin War, the peace negotiations, and the Japanese military's occupation policy as shown in the book. Firstly, as a result, the purpose of Hideyoshi's war was to demonstrate his military power abroad and expand the territory into Ming and Joseon like Queen Shin-gong's Three Han Conquest, and this book denied the ‘Trading based on validated licences(勘合貿易說)’. The outbreak of the second war was not due to Hideyoshi's appointment as king of Japan, but to his attempt to solidify his base through mobilization of military service under 'mutual friendship-making(通好)' and tensed military conditions. Secondly, the Japanese military's initial occupation policy was aimed at preventing the Joseon people from going bankrupt and stabilizing the situation while making them attend to their own business. This is because rapid domestic stabilization of Joseon was necessary based on Hideyoshi's crossing Joseon and attacking Ming. Afterwards, when the crossing Joseon was miscarried and prolonged for a long time, he planned to divide and rule Joseon, and shifted to maximizing the accumulation of taxes and military supplies by issuing ‘tablet(牌)’ or ‘token for evidence(信標)’ that had not been seen in Japan. Thirdly, while emphasizing that 『Jeonghanwiryak』 is a ‘historical book that researches data from the three kingdoms of China, Joseon, and Japan,’ Japan rather cleverly distorted the facts and used them as the basis for the legitimacy of their foreign expansion policy. Although this book is a collection of historical materials, the standards for organizing them were biased, and the negative aspects of Joseon were emphasized while the positive aspects were minimized. Such an attitude of data collection and description led to the genealogy of Hideyoshi's achievements evaluated by Hiroshi Ikeuchi (池內宏), Eiko Nakamura (中村榮孝), and the General Staff Office in the name of 'positivist' research methods and descriptions, leading to establish symbols of Hideyoshi and Imjin War.