골프의 문화접변 －사교에서 스포츠로(1948~1980년대)－

Abstract

This article analyze how the acculturation that took place in the colonial Korea under the Japanese imperialism disintegrated and has newly formed after the liberation with golf as a case in point. Specifically, it follows the process of transition from social golf to sports golf by adopting “the process of acculturation” that Kenichiro Hirano introduced in “International Cultural Relations”. The summarized results are as follows. The old equilibrium is social golf that was settled in colonial Korea under Japanese Imperialism. Social golf is a closed 〞high class social〝 type of golf enjoyed by a small number of special classes of people. The partial decline of social golf began immediately after liberation due to the need to provide sports golf facilities to foreigners, the need for international exchange through golf, and the increase in the number of foreign golf experienced players. To prevent the partial decline of social golf, sports golf was introduced and presented from the United States and Japan through the opening of the 8th U.S. Army CC, Gunjari CC and Busan CC in the 1950s. and was accepted in the 1960s. Sports golf is an open form of golf enjoyed by many people from various classes. The newly accepted sports golf faced resistance, including a backlash against the monopoly of the privileged class, criticism of luxury, and a sense of crisis over food shortages. To overcome resistance, sports golf was reinterpreted through changes in cultural elements around the recipient side, such as the increase in golf courses, the development and export of domestic golf balls, and the gradual expansion of public golf courses. Then, in the late 1980s, sports golf was reorganized and settled into a new equilibrium due to the delegation of golf course licensing rights to city and provincial governors, the expansion of golf course construction areas, the incorporation of golf into the field of physical education, and the rapid increase in the number of visitors and galleries at golf courses.