斗室 沈象奎 시문학의 한 국면 - 東坡 숭상과 작품 수용 양상을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Doosil (斗室) Shim Sang-kyu (沈象奎) was one of the leading figures in the culture of the noble classes of Hanyang (京華世族) in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The purpose of this paper is to examine one aspect of his world of pieces, targeting the poetry of Shim Sang-kyu's Doosil’s Collection (斗室存稿). Among the many keywords that understand his literature, the main focus of this paper is his love of Dōngpō, or Sū shì (蘇軾). A total of 36 poems containing 22 themes included in Doosil’s Collection are the poems with borrowed rhymes from Dōngpō’s poems. Most of them are poems exchanged with other writers or written in meetings with friends, which show that his adoration of Dōngpō was not independent of the cultural climate at the time. Besides these, 19 other pieces related to Dōngpō are identified in Doosil’s Collection. In this paper, I first examined the pieces in which Shim Sang-kyu's veneration toward Dōngpō appears, and then I examined examples of creation of poems using the Dōngpō pieces. Shim Sang-kyu wrote poems that sympathized with the veneration toward Dōngpō by Chinese writers, and he expressed such feelings in his fellowship with Weng Shukun (翁樹崐). In his later years, he equated his life to that of Dōngpō after comparing both of their lives. Unlike Shin Heom (申欽) and Kim Jung-hee (金正喜), who found grounds for equating themselves with Dōngpō in exile, Shim Sang-kyu paid attention to the life of Dōngpō, who had won an eternal honor in the ordeal. This is a notable example of the understanding of Dōngpō by the noble classes of Hanyang in the 19th century. The aspect of accepting Dōngpō‘s pieces is represented by borrowing the poetic conceptions and feelings of Dōngpō and by using his phrases and anecdotes in poems as precedents and ancient events (典故). In the former case, there are examples of using brotherly love with Sū Zhé (蘇轍) to express poetic feeling and borrowing poetic images from Dōngpō in his poems with borrowed rhymes. The latter is the case in which the use of precedents and ancient events related to Dōngpō added depth to the meaning of pieces and effectively expresses the author’s poetic meanings. The use of the old poet’s phrases in poems as precedents and ancient events was a common method of creating poems, but it is particular characteristic of Shim Sang-kyu’s literature that the main source is Dōngpō’s pieces. The discussion of this paper is meaningful in that it shows a characteristic of Shim Sang-kyu’s literature, a major writer of the 19th century, while also giving a deeper look at the cultural trends of the noble classes of Hanyang during this period. This is especially true in that Shin Wi (申緯), Kim Cho-soon (金祖淳), Nam Gong-cheol (南公轍), etc., with whom he was close, were all figures who showed affection for Dōngpō. Meanwhile, the analysis of this paper needs to be more concrete through comparison with other writers such as Cho Hee-ryong (趙熙龍), who used Dōngpō's phrases in poems and anecdotes to create his pieces, just like Shim Sang-kyu.