한국출토의 당대도자기(唐代陶磁器)에 대한 고찰
A study on the Tang-Period Ceramics excavated in Korea
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초록
한국에서 출토된 당대도자기는 삼채, 장사요청자, 월주요청자, 형요백자등으로 나눌 수 있다. 출토된 삼채(단색유도포함)는 7세기후반과 8세기전반의 것이 대부분을 차지하고, 생산지는 하남성 공현을 중심으로 낙양의 주변으로 추정된다. 한국유적에서 출토되는 당대(唐代)의 청자는 장사요와 월주요에서 생산되었다. 장사요청자는 경주 배리, 왕경유적등에서 출토되고, 8세기후반과 9세기전반의 것이 대부분으로 동시기의 월주요청자가 함께 한국에 반입된 것으로 생각된다. 한국에서 출토된 월주요청자는 경주, 공주지역을 중심으로 출토되고, 수량적으로는 9세기의 것이 압도적으로 많고, 10세기의 것은 소량에 그치고 있다.
Abstract
Porcelain from the Tang dynasty excavated in Korea are divided into four groups: (1) Three-color glaze pottery, (2) white porcelain from the Xingzhou kiln, (3) celadon from Jangsa kiln, (4) celadon from the Yue kiln. These porcelain wares are dated to the late seventh to the early tenth centuries. Three-color glaze wares such as jars, bottles and pillows were excavated in Gyeongju. Of those, fragments of a small pillow excavated at a palace site are similar to the those from Gunma in Japan (ca. late seventh century). White porcelain wares of the Xingzhou kiln excavated in Korea along with celadon from the Yue kiln were probably imported during the mid-ninth century. A celadon jar from the Jangsa kiln excavated at Bae-ri, Gyeongju was possibly imported during the late eighth century or the early tenth century. The bottom of a celadon tea bowl has the shape of a snake eye, which is typical of the Jangsa kiln celadon. Yue porcelain wares excavated in Korea are from the late eighth to the early tenth centuries. A number of them were unearthed at the sites of Mireuksa, Hwangryongsa and Anapji. Yue celadon wares of the mid-ninth century excavated in Korea are in many types such as tea bowls and ewers. The section of the foot has in two different shapes: one whose diameter measures 1.2 centimeters (snake-eye bottom) and the other one whose diameter measures 0.4-0.8 centimeter (wheel-shaped bottom). These features are seen in sherds from kiln site of the middle region in Korea and can be an important criterion for dating the beginning of kilns in this region.