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한국 주식시장에서의 무리행동과 투자자 심리에 대한 실증연구

An Empirical Analysis on Herding Behavior and Investor Sentiment in Korean Stock Market

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 2003년부터 2016년까지 한국 주식시장(KOSPI와 KOSDAQ 시장)에서 무리행동이 언제 나타났는지를 찾아내고, 그 무리행동과 투자자 심리 사이의 관계에 대해 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 무리행동을 측정하기 위하여 Chang et al.(2000)이 제안한 횡단면 절대 편차(cross-sectional absolute deviation)를 측정하였고, 거래량의 변화와 변동성의 변화를 통제변수에 포함시켰다. 그리고 강건하고 효율적인 추정치를 얻기 위해 분위수 회귀모형을 사용하였다. 주요 분석결과들을 요약하며 다음과 같다. 첫째, 무리행동을 측정해 본 결과, 무리행동은 국내 주식시장에서 시장 하락시기에 주로 나타났다. 둘째, 분위수 회귀모형의 결과에 따르면 KOSPI와 KOSDAQ 시장에서는 낮은 분위수에서 무리행동이 발견되었다. 이는 극단적인 시장 상황(낮은 분위수)에서 무리행동이 발생하는 것을 의미한다. 셋째, Granger 인과 검정, 회귀분석과 분위수 회귀분석을 통하여 투자자 심리와 무리행동 간의 관계를 분석하였는데, 투자자 심리가 무리행동을 발생시킬 수 있는 중요한 요소의 하나인 것을 확인하였다. 연구결과들을 종합해보면, 국내 주식시장은 시장의 하락시기나 극단적인 시장 상황에서 무리행동이 강하게 나타나는 경향이 있다. 투자자들은 시장의 하락시기와 극단적인 시장 상황일 경우 투자결정을 합리적으로 하도록 더욱 유의해야 한다. 그리고 정부는 시장을 더 안정적으로 만들어서 투자자 심리의 영향을 줄일 수 있는 방안을 마련하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다.

Abstract

This study examined herding behavior and the relationship between herding behavior and investor sentiment in Korean stock market, for the period between 2003 and 2016. The main results are summarized as follows: First, the herding behavior in the market showed that there were herding behaviors in the market decline period. Second, according to the result of the quantile regression model, the KOSPI and KOSDAQ markets were found to have herding behavior in the lower quantile region, implying that herding tend to be intense under extreme market condition (lower quantiles). Third, using Granger causality test, regression, and quantile regression, we analyzed the relationship between investor sentiment and herding behavior. As a result, the investor sentiment is one of the important factors that influences herding. Overall, the Korean stock market tends to show a strong herding behavior in the market decline period and extreme market conditions. Therefore, investors should make reasonable and fearless investment decisions in those situations, and the government will need protection to keep the market stable so that investors are not affected by emotions as the market changes.

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