구성원 정서지능과 집단 정서지능이 개인 성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Individual and Group Emotional Intelligence on Individual Performance
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초록
본 연구는 구성원 차원의 정서지능 개념을 넘어 집단 정서지능 역시 개인 성과에 긍정적 영향을 미친다는 것을 증명하고자 하였다. 아울러 집단 정서지능과 구성원 정서지능의 관계를 규명하고, 양자의 특정 관계에서 개인 성과는 어떤 영향을 받는지를 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 총 38개 팀, 300명의 구성원을 대상으로 한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 구성원의 정서지능이 개인의 직무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 기존 연구와 일치하는 결과이다. 둘째, 집단 정서지능이 개인 성과에 직접적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러나 이 결과는 전체적인 모형 적합성이 낮아 추후 계속적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 집단 및 구성원 정서지능 간 관련성을 보다 심층적으로 탐색한 결과, 집단 정서지능은 구성원 정서지능을 매개로 개인 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 집단의 정서지능이 구성원 정서지능에 긍정적 영향을 미치고, 이것이 개인 성과와 연계된다는 것이다.
Abstract
The examination of emotions in organizations is a relatively new research area. One model to examine the effects of emotions on performance is through an individual emotional intelligence(EI). Emotional intelligence is defined as employee's ability of understanding and management of self-emotion, introduced by Salovey and Mayer(1990) and popular in practice and literature by Goleman(1995). Individual emotional intelligence has been shown to be significantly related to individual performance. Nowdays, the study of emotions within a group and the effects of group emotions on individual performance is a new avenue of research. Recently, Druskat and Wolff (2001) proposed a model of how emotions and emotional behaviors are manifested in groups. The purpose of the research presented here is to verify the effect of group emotional intelligence on individual performance, which is defined as norms representing the individual, the group, and the inter-group. Within each level there is at least one awareness and one regulation norm, which is consistent with the awareness and regulation aspects prevalent in the individual emotional intelligence. This study examined if group emotional intelligence had positive effect on individual performance, as individual emotional intelligence did. Data were collected from 300 employees within 38 groups in service industry in Korea. From the hierarchical regression analysis and mediation analysis, this research confirms the results as follows;First, individual emotional intelligence has a positive effect on individual performance, controlled by demographic and division variables. This is the same result as one in traditional literature on the relationship between individual emotional intelligence and performance. Second, group emotional intelligence has a positive effect on individual performance. This means that group emotional intelligence is very important in increasing individual performance, as in the relationship between individual emotional intelligence and performance. Third, individual emotional intelligence functions as a mediator between group emotional intelligence and individual performance. But group emotional intelligence don't function as a moderator between individual emotional intelligence and individual performance.
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