조선 전반기 불교건축과 예배상과의 관계에서 본 도상의미 연구

Abstract

This thesis is composed of comprehensive search for close association between buddhist sculptures, paintings, religious rite and architecture in which include it throughout the temples, remains, and literary documents of early Joseon dynasty. First of all, it is noticeable that the stupa which originally be located in front of buddha hall was disappeared or move the position to the behind of buddha hall. It looks as to show a new conception of Sarira(舍利) as same as the relation between buddha hall and real buddha's Sarira stupa in Tongdo-sa temple. And according to some literary documents, it is confirmed that the gate of four kings was gradually settled at the time of early Joseon dynasty. The four kings were located on altar in buddha hall before, but they separated independently to form a ritual space. It means not the decline of the faith for four kings but the advanced complexion of it. Add to it, the annex of main hall was the replacement of assembly hall which was one of the necessaries in temple arrangement of early Joseon period. Further, inside of buddha hall, we can find some case by the left document that the Buddha pentad were enshrined on the altar. In that case, Amitabha Buddha and Bhaisajyaguru Buddha was complemented to Buddha Trikaya. And we have a same case in buddhist painting of Chiljang-sa temple. In the mean while, as already mentioned by some researchers, the position of altar in Buddha hall was moved from center to backward. And we can recognize that the whole wall paintings along the pradaksina path of buddha hall in narrative conception were gradually disappeared by the appearance of new ceiling structures of board setting by which the original gable wall of both side was closed. In conclusion, the temple arrangement of these period looked to be inspired from Rama buddhism which were fashion in Yuan(元) dynasty and also may included in the buddhist tendency of Saint monk Ji-Gong. We got to know that Ji-Gong translated the six tantric mantra(眞言) contain "the tasting mantra of Avalokiteshvara" and it must be concerned with the combination of bathroom and Avalokiteshvara hall in Hoeam-sa temple site.