가사의 기원과 삼의제(三衣制)의 도상학

Abstract

Not only are Buddhist Gasa (kāṣāya; costumes) indispensable to the life of Buddhist monks, but also Buddhist costumes are the most basic in the study of Buddha statues. Therefore, the study of the origin of costumes and the three‐ui‐je (三衣制) is a very important task. First, Gasa (costume) is a Romanized expression of Sanskrit “Kasaya,” which means dull, dull, or weird colors, meaning dull clothes or weird color clothes. Second, Gasa's clothing materials (衣材) originated from divided‐small‐piece‐clothes sewn out of cloth and developed into divided‐cut‐clothes sewn by cutting cloth. Third, in terms of Gasa's method of making, it is to apply the method of making a single piece of clothing by cutting the cloth and stitching it into a 田 shape of a certain size. Fourth, there are three types of Gasa such as Saṃghāṭī or big costume (大衣), Uttarāsaṃga or upper costume (上衣), and antarvāsa or under costume (內衣), and that's why they are called three costumes (三衣), and they are institutionalized and called the three costume system (三衣制). This point was briefly discussed by finding the evidence in sutra scripture (經論).