律藏에 있어서 袈娑의 변천과 의미

Abstract

In relation with kaṣāya, Buddhism has a comprehensive concept including excreted clothes, magnolia color, 3 clothes and ragged clothes. These were apparently different in their concepts. Such diverse meanings in kaṣāya have been incorporated during its development process and passed down in confusion. So, the purpose of this paper is to give a careful consideration to the fundamental difference of these concepts and their origins for the clear arrangement. According to Vinaya Piṭaka, the whole process of Buddha's acceptance of kaṣāya can be summarized as follows:①Acceptance of excreted clothes→②Allowance of wholly un-seamed clothes→③Establishment of 3 clothes→④Completion of ragged clothes→⑤Establishment of 5 clothes→⑥Diversification of kaṣāya colors and institutionalization of religious clothes In this study, it turned out that the excreted clothes were recognized as the symbol of monk like 4 clothes in Buddhism, but did not received wide supports. It was because the flexible viewpoint based on Buddha's moderation had accepted the contemporary urban cultural request for the reformation. The transformation request on the excreted clothes became a motive to accept the wholly un-seamed clothes and finally bring out the ragged clothes for the formal completion of Buddhist clothing. In here, of course, there was an internal cause to distinguish itself from other denominations in the course that Buddhism got stabilized and systemized. Right before the establishment of ragged clothes, 3clothes system was established in Buddhism. Thus, the Buddhist clothing system as '3 clothes of ragged clothes' was completed. Before and after this, the items about belt, string and ring were regulated and 2 clothes were added in consideration of bodily characteristics of women who started to leave home at Buddha's old age. But, all these can be thought to be the complement for 3clothes of ragged clothes. Based on the 3 clothes of ragged clothes,the School Buddhism came to emphasize the differentiation of each school through the display of colors.