미국의 서비스화진전에 대한 연구
A Study on Tertiarization in the United States
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초록
1948~2004 기간의 미국서비스화과정에 대하여 실증 분석한 본 연구는 Appelbaum과 Schettkat (1995)의 선구적인 연구와는 다음과 같은 점에서 차이를 갖는다. 소득 및 상대가격 이외에도 금융화에 따른 부의 효과(wealth effect), 여성노동력의 경제활동참가율증대, 정부부채의 증대, 그리고 정보화 등이 미국의 서비스화에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는가를 살펴보았다. 분석결과 수요편향가설 혹은 욕망의 위계가설에서 가정하듯이 서비스화는 경제발전에 따른 자연적인 귀결만이 아니라 경제 환경 혹은 세계화, 정보화 그리고 금융화와 같은 제 조건 변화에 의해서도 영향을 받았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 그 영향은 시기별로 상이하였다.
Abstract
This paper proposes an empirical investigation of tertiarization in the United States for the period 1948-2004 and differs from the pioneer study of Appelbaum and Schettkat (1995) by the following aspects. Adding to the conventional variables such as real income and relative prices considered by Appelbaum and Schettkat, wealth effect, participation of female workers, government debt and ICT diffusion are analyzed in our regression analysis. The estimation results show that the structural change such as globalization, informatization and financialization have played important roles in the process of the US tertiarization. Furthermore, their effects show great differences from period to period.
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