총조사 범위오차의 평가와 원인분석
Evaluation and Analysis of Coverage Error in the Population and Housing Census in Korea
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 1990년 이후 인구주택총조사의 범위오차 수준을 다양한 각도에서 평가하고, 2000년 총조사 사후조사 결과를 이용하여 범위오차 발생의 원인 및 유형을 개인, 가구, 조사원의 특성차원에서 파악해 보는데 있다. 분석결과 총조사의 범위오차는 차수마다 증감이 있지만 최근에 와서 점차로 안정화된 패턴을 찾아 가고 있다. 그러나 이동성이 높은 젊은 연령층인 20-35세 연령층과 이들의 자녀 세대인 5세 이하 연령집단에서는 지속적인 누락 현상이 나타나고 있다. 2000년 총조사 사후조사 자료를 토대로 범위오차 발생의 상대적 위험도를 분석한 결과 조사착오 발생확률은 성이나 연령과 같은 개인차원의 변수들과 관련된다. 반면에 누락을 일으킬 상대적 위험도는 주로 가구유형이나 거처의 종류와 같이 가구차원 변수들의 설명력이 큰 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The purposes of this study are to investigate the extent of coverage error in the Population and Housing Census in Korea since 1990 and to analyze characteristics of coverage errors in the 2000 Census at the individual, household, and interviewer level. The results of analyzing data from three successive censuses indicate that coverage errors become reduced and stabilized over time. However, the census still have been plagued by chronic undercount of young adult population and pre-school age children. By using data collected in the 2000 Post Enumeration Survey, this study found that the relative risk of enumeration error was closely related to individual characteristics such as age and sex. While the probability of ommission was significantly varied by household level variables such as the type of household and the housing structure type.
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