취업취약계층의 취업장애요인 유형 분류에 관한 연구: 취업성공패키지 참여자를 중심으로

Abstract

This study intends to analyze the kinds of obstacles in finding jobs among the group of people who are disadvantageous in finding jobs. To achieve the research aims, this study conducted a survey to such a group of people on obstacles in finding jobs, importance and preparedness per element of finding jobs, and perception on finding job activities such as job-finding support, supporting organizations, and standards on good jobs, etc. The survey was done to 427 job-seekers who visited employment welfare centers across the country for two weeks from September 17 to September 30, 2019. Then, to figure out obstacles in finding jobs, support services, and satisfaction with consultation, it also conducted the 2-session interviews to a focus group of 8 persons who resided in Seoul metropolitan city, and belonged to the group disadvantageous in finding jobs. The data analysis showed the followings. First, obstacles in finding jobs in the group disadvantageous to find jobs can be classified into three types in the order of frequencies: ability improvement type as job-finding element; emotional support type as psychological element; link support type as external element within environment. Second, analysis of importance and preparedness per job-finding showed that career, skills for jobs, and recruitment information were included in the domain of major interests; health, willing to find jobs, and clear job goals were included in the status maintenance domain; the ability to make decisions, human relations were included in the exceeding achievement domain; schooling, licenses, jobs, and information on firms were included in the step-by-step improvement domain. Third, For job-finding support service to solve the difficulty in finding jobs, the proportions were as follows: job consultation 62%, the highest, followed by job psychological test 21.5%, psychological consultation 15.2%, and others 1.3%. Forth, as the organization which can solve obstacles in finding jobs, the highest proportion (29.1%) of them pointed out Iljari [Workplace] Center, As external organizations, the largest proportion of them (46.1%) chose the organizations related with business starting including support for small business owners, loans, support for start-ups, followed by those who chose adolescent support center (29.4%). Fifth, the proportions of the respondents who favored each of the criteria of good jobs were as follows: work compensation 12.7%, working hours 12%, job security 10.4%, distance of the workplace from home 10.2%, and fitting to one's aptitude 10.1%. The findings shows that to solve obstacles in job-finding for those who are disadvantageous in finding jobs, it is important to provide them with customized programs to them, improvement of professional capabilities of consultants, systematic support of employment-welfare, and integrative management. Such things will improve job-finding efficacy of them, and encourage them to make efforts to overcome obstacles. This study can be meaningful in the sense that it can contribute to policies necessary to do job-matching of those who are disadvantageous in finding jobs and to give comprehensive employment service to spur them to find better jobs.