『고려도경(高麗圖經)』에 기록된 송(宋)의 신주(神舟) 파견과 그 의미

Abstract

This paper reviews the Song’s dispatches of Shenzhou recoded in 『Goryeodogyeong』 and their meanings, which are summarized below. First, during the Song dynasty, several shipbuilding hubs were developed in various regions, and shipbuilding technology advanced. In the Song dynasty, ships that were more than around 30jang(丈) were built considering 『The Book of Dreams(夢粱錄)』’s 5千料 and 『東京夢華錄』’s Great Dragon Ship(大龍船) length that were around 3·40jang(丈). In particular, the ‘Shenzhou’ during the reign of WheeJon was a massive ship about 30jang, which was three times the length of passenger boat(客舟). These Shenzhou were made more bigger and richly ornamented than those during the reign of Shinjong(神宗) to demonstrate the power and dignity of the Song dynasty. Second, between Song and Goryeo, there existed dangerous winds and sea conditions called ‘storm(暴風)’ and “a wild wind(癡風)·a black wind(黑風)·sea movement(海動)’ along with the ‘the god of waves(波神)’, which caused the death of many people. The ships would have been named ‘Shenzhou’ to safely travel to Goryeo while controlling ‘the god of waves’. Third, the Song dynasty sent ‘Shenzhou’ to Goryeo during the regins of Shinjong(神宗) and WheeJong(徽宗). In Wonpung(元豐) first year(1078) Shinjong, two Shinjong(神舟) dispatched were called ‘To be far from safe and sound Shenzhou(凌虛致遠安濟神舟)’ and ‘Spirit Flying Shunjie Shenzhou(靈飛順濟神舟)’, which indicates a focus on improving relations with Goreyo. On the other hand, in Seonhwa(宣和) five yrar(1123) WheeJong, two Shenzhou were dispatched in the middle of sudden geopoltical changes in Northeast Asia. The names ‘DingXin lishe Shenzhou(鼎新利涉懐遠康濟神舟’ and ‘To follow the flow of water and help Shenzhou(循流安逸通濟神舟)’ suggest that this was an another attempt for the Song to make Goryeo a tributary state. which failed in Sukjong eight year(1103). However, such a diplomatic strategy of Song by WheeJong was not successful when this was rejected by Goryeo’s InJong(仁宗). All in all, given different names of the Shenzhou, the intention of Song’s dispatch of Shenzhou from the first dispatch and the second dispatch differ.