19세기 말~20세기 초 강원지역 궁방전의 농업경영

Abstract

The Royal Household Land formed in Gangwon area in the late Joseon Period has not received the attention of Royal Family to the lowest point after Hamkyoung Province. However, in the latter half of the 19th century, the importance of Royal Household Land increased as Myeongnye Palace, Gyeongseon Palace, and Yeongchin Royal Palace became to be interested in Gangwon area. What the interest of Gungbang in Gangwon area becomes high and the importance of farmland increased means that the economic profit has been guaranteed as much as that. The agricultural management of Royal Household Land in Gangwon area was similar to the agricultural management of private landowner of three southern provinces. The Gungbang accumulated the land with the field as the center in Gangwon area. The field preferred the system paying the half (50%) of crop, the paddy preferred the system paying the determined amount in the landowner management. The Gungbang bore the land tax, the tenant farmer bore the seed in the field managed by the system paying the half of crop. In case the Gungbang paid the half seed, the tenant farmer bore the land tax. In paddies and fields managed by the system paying the determined amount, the tenant farmer bore the land tax and seed all. The tax items shall be collected separately in the field managed by the system paying the half (50%) of crop. The amount of ground rent that Gungbang collects in the field of Gangwon area is a little bit higher than the amount of ground rent that Gungbang collects in the field of three southern provinces. The amount of ground rent of paddyis similar to the amount of ground rent that the private landowner collects. The aspect of agricultural management and the amount of ground rent by the amount of seed of paddy and field are similar to those of three southern provinces. The agriculture in Gangwon area didn’t continue to decline in the amount of ground rent even though there is the severe natural disaster, it has the productive base to overcome it the following year and recover to the previous level. The agricultural productivity of Joseon at the end of 19th and early 20th century was developed nationwide, three southern provinces and Gangwon area were at a similar level.