19세기 중반∼20세기 초반 在村 兩班地主家의 농업경영―경상도 단성 金麟燮家의 家作地 경영을 중심으로

Abstract

This study reviewed the farming management of Gyeongsangdo Danseong Kim In-seop family, who had lost their foundation as landlords in the mid∼19th century before growing into a small and medium sized landlord family in the early 20 century during the Japanese occupation. It was confirmed that Kim In-seop family was engaged in tenant farming as well as cultivating their own land and the size of their own land amounted to 20 to 30 majigis, with 1 majigi being approximately 150 pyeong. The land of the family was cultivated mostly by servants and farmhands, but in busy seasons, such as rice-planting or harvest seasons, day laborers were hired on a temporary basis. At that time, 1 majigi required the labor of about 10 people annually. Kim In-seop family was actively engaged in the management of family farming. Kim In-seop and his sons supervised the whole process of farming and sometimes participated in farming themselves. After all, the family's growth into a small and midium sized landlord was attributable to the active management of their farm land as well as tenant farming. This study also reviewed farming processes, climate situations and yields of rice and barley per majigi, focusing on rice-planting and rice-barley double cropping. In the short term, yields of rice showed severe rises and falls every year. In the mid-to-long term, however, yields started to grow after hitting the rock bottom in the mid 1880s and in the mid 1890s, the pattern of rises and falls was repeated again, showing not much growth until the 1st decade of the 20th century. Given that average yields remained high after the 17th century, this repeated pattern of rises and falls seemed to be cyclical due to climate conditions. However, more specific details should be addressed in the study on the management of 50-50 sharecropping farming.