19세기 말~20세기 초 황해도 지역 궁방전의 농업경영 양상

Abstract

If the residential area of Dohjang managing the Royal Household lands at Hwanghae-do region is checked, the absentee landlord won the overwhelming majority as the Dohjang residing at the different place from the location of Royal Household lands is 7 persons, the Dohjang residing in the same place is 1 person. And the place where the Dohjang being the absentee landlord resided was Seoul all. It seemed that those who resided in Seoul preferred the landowner management of Royal Household lands at Hwanghae-do region owing to the geographical proximity between Hwanghae-do and Seoul. Even though there are 6 places of system paying the half of crop and 3 places of system paying the determined amount in the management method of rice paddy, in fact the system paying the half of crop formed the center since the specific gravity in 3 places of system paying the determined amount was less than 10% in the whole farmland. The Dohjang of Royal Household lands at Hwanghae-do region was the absentee landlord residing in Seoul and preferred the system paying the half of crop. The rice paddy preferred the system paying the half of crop, but the field has been managed all as the system paying the determined amount. The Dohjang bore taxes and the tenant farmers paid seeds in the farmland managed as the system paying the half of crop. The Dohjang supervised the situation of harvest by going down directly or letting another person go down to the field if it becomes the harvest time by placing the supervisor of a tenant farm in the field. The aspect of this landlord management of Royal Household lands at Hwanghae-do region was the identical image with the general private landowner. Based on the amount of ground rent per the amount of seed of Royal Household lands at Hwanghae-do region and three southern province regions as 21 dues, as three southern province regions are a little high level as more than 21 dues are 33.3% at Hwanghae-do region, three southern province regions are 45.5%, the amount of ground rent at Hwanghae-do region, three southern province regions may be evaluated to be nearly the similar level as more than 31 dues that were not in three southern province regions occupy 11.1%. Next, if the amount of seed of field is compared, there was 1 place where the amount of ground rent per the amount of seed was 1~2 dues at Hwanghae-do region, 1 place where there was more than 3 dues, 1 place where there was more than 5 dues, there was 1 place where there were 3 places where the amount of ground rent per the amount of seed was 1~2 dues, 1 place where there was more than 5 dues at three southern province regions. Hwanghae-do region may be higher level than three southern province regions in terms of amount of ground rent of field. The amount of ground rent at Hwanghae-do region and three southern province regions formed nearly similar level. It can be known that each region formed the similar level as the agricultural productivity of Joseon developed on a national scale in the late 19th and early 20th century through this.