조선 세조대 여진 정벌과 홍윤성의 활동

Abstract

The sudy reviewed activities of Hong Yoon-seong at the time around ‘Gyeongjin Bukjeong(庚辰北征, conquest to northern area in the year of Gyeongjin)’ which was one against Jurchens occurred in the 6th year of Sejo(1460). ‘Gyeongjin Bukjeong(庚辰北征)’ was caused by the invasion of Abigeo(阿比車) and other Jurchens to border area of Joseon. His invasion was stimulated by his father’s death. Joseon killed his father Nangbalahan(浪孛兒罕) who was the chief of Moryeonwi(毛憐衛). Sejo sent army under command of Hong Yoon-seong, Jojeonwonsoo(助戰元帥) to Hamgildo against their increasing invasion. Sejo gave him Naeguma(內廏馬), saddle with painted dragon in gold, scarlet saddle flap, and decoration of Hongmoyeong(紅毛榮). This means that Sejo sent Hong Yoon-seong instead of him. Sejo sent Hong Yoon-seong, a powerful courtier to let fled Jurchens return and betrayed Jurchens surrender. This aimed to prevent expansion of war between Joseon and Jurchens in Tumen river basin. Hong Yoon-seong actively made Jurchens surrender and return to home according to plan of Sejo. Some of the Jurchens were sent to the city of Hanyang to live there. Sejo temporarily stopped conquest to Jurchens because Abigeo died during invasion to Joseon and Hong Yoon-seong succeeded placating Jurchens. Then Ming Dynasty(明) raised issue regarding death of Nangbalahan and pressed Joseon by sending a Royal letter and envoys several times. Jurchens surrendered to Joseon, But on the other hand, they invaded Joseon, using pressure to Joseon from Ming. In the end, Sejo sent Shin Sook-ju to conquer Jurchens though an envoy from Ming stayed in Moryeonwi(毛憐衛). Then times, the commander for the conquest was Shin Sook-ju and the vice-commander was Hong Yoon-seong. There were 8,300 soldiers in total composed of Four direction army. They started in Jongseong, suddenly attacked the area where Jurchens lived. It took only 4 days from the start of the conquest till return. Joseon army recorded military achievements better than existing three conquests through ‘Gyeongjin Bukjeong’. That is, killed 430 Jurchens, burned about 900 houses including property, about 1,000 horses including cow live or dead. The reasons of success of Gyeongjin Bukjeong’ are as follows. First, Sejo’s strong willingness to conquer was shown to the generals by appointing Shin Sook-ju and Hong Yoon-seong as commander and vice-commander respectively. Second, The conquest to Jurchens was the first one by a commander with the position of civil minister. The organization of such personnel made it possible to control military ministers who insisted hasty conquest for the purpose of their performance. Therefore, thorough preparation was possible, making deep study on Jurchens area. Third, Soldiers of Joseon made sudden attack with all forces for short period and then, withdrew. Finally, Sejo showed himself though not participating in the conquest, by sending Hong Yoon-seong with quality and skill as military man. And Sejo led performance of conquest in the aspects of literary and military by supplementing Shin Sook-ju.