서구 근대 사회운영론의 한계와 儒敎의 名分論에 대한 재조명

Abstract

Generally speaking, egoism has two sides. On the one hand egoism raises social utility by competition, on the other hand egoism deepens social conflicts by competition too. But liberalism gives attention to the positive side of egoism, and overlooks the negative side of egoism. On the contrary, socialism gives attention to the negative side of egoism, and overlooks the positive side of egoism. Like this, liberalism & socialism make out one side prescription about two sides of egoism. So they raise many evils no less than many merits equally. In this reason, some scholars propose the Third Way at last. Confucian Right Name Theory is composed by three principles. The first is the principle of respect the wise and engage the able. This principle is related to obtain a social position. It means that social position like an official post must be distributed according to one's morality and ability. The second is the principle of limitation one's enjoy. This principle is related to social welfare. It means that the consumption of goods must be limited properly. The third is the principle of voluntary ability. This principle is related to everyone's mind. It means that everyone should do his best although it has no relation with his profit. Perhaps we are able to speak that this three principles which plan two sides prescription about egoism are the standard case of the Third Way.