참의부의 ‘法名’ 개정과 상해 임시정부

Abstract

Chameuiboo which seceded from Daehantongeuiboo (an organization for armed independence movement against Japanese imperialism) was established on the 26th of June, 1924 and made clear that it was the Provisional Government-affiliated organization from its beginning. Since then, it changed its juristic name for three times from Chaneuiboo to Dokpanboo and then Chameuiboo again. The revision of its juristic name resulted from the situation of independence movement in southern Manchuria, that is, friction and confrontation with Tongeuiboo (a unified organization of the corps for Korean national independence), however, it was deeply connected with the political situation in Shanghai which changed rapidly at that time. After the meeting of national representatives was broken off, a political reform movement between the group which advocated maintenance of the status quo of the Provisional Government and the group which tried to remodel the Provisional Government through the impeachment of Rhee, Syngman and an amendment to the interim constitution heated up. First of all, the origin of the establishment of Chameuiboo resulted from a split in Tongeuiboo, however, its direct triggering event was Baek, Gwangwoon and Kim, Wonsang’s visit to the Provisional Government in Shanghai in December, 1923. Their visit was carried out by Kim, Seunghak’s request, who was the minister deputy and vice-minister of education of the cabinet under Lee, Dongnyeong. Through their visit, the group which advocated maintenance of the status quo of the Provisional Government tried to strengthen its political position by gaining Chameuiboo’s support. And justifying the unification of the corps for national independence in southern Mancuria under the flag of the Provisional Government, the militia tried to criticize Tongeuiboo and secure a basis for the establishment of Chameuiboo. But Chameuiboo changed its juristic name to Jindongdodokboo in January, 1925. This was to keep up with the change in the political situation in Shanghai because the cabinet under Lee, Dongnyeong that had taken a stand against Tongeuiboo and supported Chameuiboo resigned en masse in December, 1924 with the establishment of Jeongeuiboo (a unified anti-Japanese organization). Thereafter as influence of Jindongdodokboo weakened by its second company commander, Choi, Seoksoon’s death by Japanese police and others, it groped for a temporary truce with Jeongeuiboo and changed its name to Dokpanboo in April, 1925. Meanwhile, the group which advocated reorganization tried to reform the leadership of the Provisional Government by a interim constitutional amendment changing political system from the presidential system to the parliamentary government system including the impeachment of Rhee, Syngman and the front unification of the organizations for independence movement in northwestern Manchuria as a plan to strengthen the Provisional Government. According to such a new policy, Dokpanboo changed its juristic name to Chameuiboo, its original juristic name again after talks with Lee, Yoopil, the internal minister who was dispatched to western Manchuria in May of that year.