중서부태평양수산위원회 보존관리조치가 우리나라 다랑어선망어업에 미친 영향과 향후 대응 방안
Study on effects and strategies of Korean tuna purse seine fishery affected by conservation management measures of Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission
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중서부태평양수산위원회 (WCPFC)의 열대 다랑어에 관한 보존관리조치는 열대 다랑어 자원의 보존 및 관리를 위한 명목으로 중서부태평양의 주요어업, 특히 선망어업의 선단 규모와 조업활동을 제한하고 있다. 선망어업의 주요 규제 조치인 FAD 금어기 조치 이행에 의한 조업동향에서 우리나라는 조치 이후 FAD 조업이 감소하였으며 주요 조업국들 중 가장 낮은 FAD 조업비중을 보였다. FAD 금어기 중 어획노력에는 큰 변화가 없었으나 어획량은 감소하였으며 특히 눈다랑어 어획량이 크게 감소하였다. 또한 FAD 조업의 어획노력과 눈다랑어 어획량 동향은 서로 유사하게 나타났다. 공해수역 조업제한 조치로 생산성이 높은 서부포켓공해수역에서의 조업을 금지하고 각 국가마다 공해상 조업일수를 제한함에 따라 공해수역에서의 조업비중과 어획 효율성이 크게 감소하였다. 선망어업에 대한 제한조치가 더욱 강화될 예정임에 따라 연안국의 움직임을 주시하고 부상군 조업의 효율성을 높이기 위한 다각도의 노력이 필요하다.
Abstract
The WCPFC CMMs related to tropical tunas have been strongly restricting fishing capacity and operating activities of main fisheries, especially purse seine fishery. In terms of changes in fishing trend by implementing relevant measures of FAD set, the number of FAD set by Korean purse seine fleet showed a decreasing pattern with the lowest level of FAD set proportion among major distant water fishing nations. With regards to the FAD closure, there was no significant change in fishing effort but a drop in catch, especially bigeye tuna during the period of FAD closure. Moreover, it showed closely similar trends between the number of FAD set and bigeye tuna catch. In terms of measures related to the high sea area including a ban on fishing on the HSP and limitation of fishing days on the high sea by flag state, proportions of catch and effort on the high sea had sharply declined after implementing those measures. As relevant measures are expected to be strengthened, it should pay attention to change of coastal nations policies and focus on improving fishing efficiency of unassociated school set with multi-pronged efforts.
참고문헌 (18)
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