신라의 교통로 東海通에 대한 고고학적 검토

Abstract

The purpose of this study is the reconstruction of the donghae route of the five route system of the Unified Silla Period. Donghae route has sporadic material data, and has not been systemically researched. Historical records include Busan and Ulsan in the donghae route, and indicate Eunyang and Yangsan as minor routes branching off from the donghae route. All excavation data in Gyeongnam Province suspected of the donghae route were investigated. As a result, 64 roads from 36 sites of the Three Kingdoms Period and the Unified Silla Period were included in the study. The data were reclassified to infer the major and minor routes of the donghae route. Results show that the donghae route starts in Silla Gyeogju, and continues along the Route 7, connecting Gyeogju Gueo-ri↔Ulsan↔Jangan town↔Gijang town ↔Dongrae Bokcheon-dong↔Kimhae↔Masan and Changwon↔Haman↔JinJoo. The donghae route of the Three Kingdoms Period opened in 5th century and later 6th century, earlier than the Gyeongju kingdom in later 6th century. Initially it was opened to Ulsan. Afterwards, the main road was extended to Busan in the latter half of the 6th century. The donghae route in the Unified Silla Period is further developed than in the Three Kingdoms. Its route was extended from Busan to Gimhae↔Masan and Changwon↔Haman↔Jinju. In Gimhae and Jinju, previously used roads were incorporated as branches of the donghae route. In the latter half of the 7th century, Bangu-dong site as foreign trade port and Bangu-dong road were constructed in Ulsan. Four more roads of 4～5m width are added to the existing roads of the Three Kingdoms Period. In the Unified Silla Period, it seems to have connected to Gulhwa-ri, by way of Bangu-dong. During the Unified Silla Period, the way to Busan was the same as in the Three Kingdoms Period. Afterwards, Yeorae-ri road was connected to Changwon-Kimhae, Haman Goesan-ri road was connected to Masan-Changwon-Haman, and Jinju Jungcheon-ri road was connected to Haman-Jinju.