미래 한반도에서의 안정화작전 수행방안 - 6.25전쟁 시 사례분석을 중심으로 -

Abstract

US-led coalition forces successfully destroyed Iraqi forces during the Iraqi War in March, 2003. However, the military victory of US-led coalition forces did not result in a political victory. US has made an effort to improve the stabilization measures both national and military level since 2004. Recently ROK forces have also started to recognize the significance of stability operation and studied. Relating to the locations, targets, and aims of war, ROK forces` measures are different from those of the US forces`. For instance, whereas the American purpose of stability operation is aimed at building a new nation outside the mainland, ROK forces` operation is intended for a unified Korea. In this regard, It is necessary to establish a revised concept of stability operation especially for the Korean Peninsula. This study analyzed some of the historical cases that resulted in the successful stabilization, including the unification process of German, James Dobbins` successful condition of nation-building, the Iraq war, and Mao Zedong`s role during the Chinese Civil War. This study identified that the common key elements of driving a stabilization process effectively are ① a complete preparation, ② a legal task enforcement, ③ a comprehensive efforts, and ④ a conflict management. The results of this study are suggested as follows. First, effectiveness of a stabilization enforcement unit should be guaranteed. To do this, the government needs to clarify each role of a combat unit, a stability division, and a civil unit in each stage of operation. A professional joint stability division consisting of civil, governmental, and military units should be also organized. The stability division must be immediately deployed in recovered areas so that it can carry out successfully stability operations as early as possible. Second, public order and administrative system should be settled in early stage. For this, a temporary committee in relation to public order and local administration in each administrative district should be operated. Local representatives, a stability division, government agencies, and police officers are to be included in the committee. Thrid, military integration and WMD control process should be supported. For this, it is necessary to disarm the mobilized enemy and to treat hostile persons and military servants. POW and a deserted soldiers from nK forces should be well managed. WMD facilities should be safely controlled to avoid security risk. Fourth, the government should provide a humanitarian support and secure chances for autonomous economic activities. Finally, the government should minimize conflicts of the people in order to recover homogeneity.