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성장기의 부모화 경험이 정신병리에 미치는 영향

The Effect of the Parentification of Children on Psychopathology

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초록

이타적인 행동과 함께 부모를 배려하고 보살피는 행동은 매우 적응적이고 바람직한 행동으로 받아드려져 왔다. 그러나 자신의 내적 욕구가 배제되면서 심각한 정신건강의 문제를 야기하고 있다는 연구가 증가되고 있다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 성장기의 부모화(parentification)경험이 정신병리에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 연구대상은 314명 대학교 1학년 학생을 대상으로 다면성인성검사(MMPI)를 실시하여 전문가들이 정상 집단(236명)과 임상집단(78명)으로 선정하여 나누었다. 연구도구는 Jurkovic & Thirkield(1999)에 의해 개발된 FRS-A(Filial Royalty Scoring-Adult)을 강지희(2008)가 수정, 보완한 것과 김영환 등(1989)에 의해 제작된 MMPI를 사용하였다. 연구분석은 상관분석과 중다회귀분석을 사용하여 부모화 경험(도구적, 정서적, 불공평)이 정상집단과 임상집단간의 정신병리(성격, 신경증, 정신병)에 미치는 예측정도를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 첫째, 정상집단에서는 부모화 경험이 신경증적, 정신병적 측면에 대해 설명력이 매우 저조하며 거의 영향을 미치는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 임상집단에서 불공평 부모화가 정신병적 측면에 영향을 주었으며 특히, Pa, Sc 척도에서 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 의의는 성장기의 부모화 경험이 이후의 정신병적 성격특성에 영향을 미치므로 보다 적응적인 부모-자녀간의 역할을 제시하는데 기초 자료를 제공한다.

Abstract

It has been indicated that children's altruistic behaviors are very desirable ones. It has also been accepted that children's considerate behaviors towards their parents are really adaptable. However evidence is increasingly reported that when someone's internal desires are suppressed it can cause profound mental difficulties. Therefore this study tries to see the effects of parentification of children on psychopathology. Subjects consist of 314 university freshmen. They are divided normal population(236) and clinical population(78) by researchers and given MMPI test. Study instrument is originally devised by Jurkovic & Thirkield(1999)'s FRS-A(Filial Royalty Scoring-Adult) and revised by Kang Ji-Hee(2008) and Kim Young Hwan(1989) respectively. Correlation Multiple Linear Regression is employed to explore the effect of the parentification(instrumental, emotional, unfairness) of children on psychopathology. The results are as follows. First, the study shows that no statistical significance is found in the normal group neurotically and psychopathically. Second, unfairness have an effect on children's psychopathic aspects in the clinical population. It shows a significant effect by Pa, Sc Scale in particular. This study seems to provide the foundation for the adaptive parent-child role because the parentification of children has an impact on the psychosis trait.

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