단골집단의 무업 권역과 활동 -정읍지역의 전씨 무계를 중심으로

Abstract

This study looks into the territory of the shamanistic occupation of the regulars of the Jeon family line, analyzes the characteristics of the territory and closely observes the activities of the regulars’ group, composed of the regulars and the clowns. This study is based on the Jeon family line, descendants of Jeon Keum-soon, established in the Jeong-eup area in Jeollabuk-do. The Jeon family line formed an enormous group of shamans through marriages, and is reported to have become the most influential shamanistic group in the Jun-book area, having acquired many ‘regular fields.’ The territory of the shaman occupation of the family line not only included such areas such as Imsil, Gimje, Namwon, Wido, Buan, Sunchang and Go-chang in Jeollabuk-do, but also extended to Yeonggang, Jeollanam-do and Ganggyeong, Chungcheongnam-do. The family’s administrative and livelihood territory spread from Jeongeup and all the way to Yoeonggwang and Ganggyeong. It seems that there used to be active exchange of regulars within a marriage group, which is, in other words, a unitary shaman group. A married couple, which is considered as one shamanistic unit, mainly worked within an exclusive field. During big exorcisms however, such as the Suryukjae (service to the wandering souls) or Byulshingut(exorcism), a couple worked and united with their families and relatives in their marriage group and worked in the areas outside of their regular field. The regular group was not only responsible for the shamanistic works within their regular field but also for various other activities, such as folk festivals. They also led the playing fields and worked as midwives for their followers in poor neighborhoods. The clowns, on the other hand, taught songs to villagers when farm work was suspended and led events of spontaneous play. They also led the singing as mourners lined and carried the coffin to the grave and as workers labored in the field. As players of music to enhance the shamans’ singing and not really as religious stewards to shamans, the clowns worked for both entertainment and shamanistic functions. Some male shamans, having practiced singing since childhood, would become Pansori clowns. A shaman who lacked talent in singing would practice playing musical instruments in order to play the Samhyeonyukguk. They would also lead the Pungmulgut(exorcism) of the village or become a famous player as a member of the Gelgungpae(peasants’ entertainment group).