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사이버대학생이 인식하는 교수실재감, 학습실재감, 학습성과 간의 구조적 관계 규명

A Structural Relationship among Teaching Presence, Learning Presence and Learning Outcomes of e-Learning in Cyber University

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주제분류교육학

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본 연구는 사이버대학생의 학습성과(학업만족도, 학업성취도, 학습지속의향)에 영향을 미치는 변인을 규명하기 위해 학습자가 학습과정에서 인식하는 교수실재감, 학습실재감(인지적실재감, 감성적실재감)과 학습성과 간의 구조적 관계를 분석하였다. A 사이버대학에 재학중인 206명의 학습자를 대상으로 조사연구를 수행한 결과, 교수실재감이 인지적실재감(β = .50), 감성적실재감(β = .58), 학업만족도(β = .26) 및 학업성취도(β = .16)에 미치는 직접효과와 인지적실재감이 학업성취도(β = .85)에, 감성적실재감이 학업만족도(β = .45)와 학업성취도(β = -.15)에 미치는 직접효과가 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 교수실재감은 인지적실재감을 매개로 학업성취도에, 감성적실재감을 매개로 학업만족도와 학업성취도에 간접효과를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로, 교수실재감, 인지적실재감과 감성적실재감은 학업성취도를 매개로 학습지속의향에 간접효과를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 사이버대학생의 학습성과인 학업만족도, 학업성취도, 학습지속의향은 학습자가 학습과정에서 인식하는 교수실재감, 학습실재감에 따라 달라질 수 있으므로 성공적인 사이버대학에서의 학습성과 보장을 위해서는 교수-학습 실재감 증진을 위한 창의적인 교수설계와 학습촉진 전략이 필요함을 제안한다. 이와 같은 전략은 학습지속의향을 고취시켜 중도탈락을 막을 수 있는 유용한 방안으로 활용 될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine a structural relationship among teaching presence, learning presence(cognitive presence and emotional presence) and learning outcomes(satisfaction, achievement and persistence) for improving the quality of the e-Learning in a cyber university. 206 students enrolled in a course at a cyber university participated for this study. Findings of this study revealed the structural relationship among teaching presence, learning presence and learning outcomes was statistically significant. In detail, teaching presence had a direct effect on learning presence, learning satisfaction and learning achievement. Cognitive presence had a direct effect on achievement and emotional presence had a direct effect on learning satisfaction and achievement. Moreover, teaching presence had an indirect effect on learning achievement with the mediation of cognitive and emotional presence. And teaching presence and learning presence(cognitive and emotional presence) had an indirect effect on learning persistence with the mediation of achievement. Results of this study emphasize the role of teaching and learning presence in an e-learning course in a cyber university. Furthermore, creative instructional strategies should be developed and implemented to enhance learning satisfaction, achievement and persistence by activating the teaching and learning presence.

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