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위기취약 대상자 발굴을 위한 사회복지사의 지역사회 아웃리치 실천 기술 경험에 관한 질적 연구

A qualitative study on community outreach practice skills to identify crisis vulnerable people of social workers in community welfare centers

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 지역사회복지관 사회복지사들이 지역사회 아웃리치를 어떻게 경험하고 있고, 이를 위해 사용하는 실천기술들이 무엇인지를 이해하고자 하는 것이다. 연구참여자는 지역사회 아웃리치 경험이 있는 지역사회 복지관에 근무하는 사회복지사 15명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집방법은 심층면접을 통해 이루어졌고, 질적연구방법중 Giorgi의 현상학적 분석방법을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 지역사회 아웃리치 실천과 기술에 대한 경험은 74개의 의미단위, 12개의 드러난 주제, 7개의 본질적 주제로 범주화 되었다. 본질적 주제는 지역사회 아웃리치 개념, 필요성, 지역사회 아웃리치 장애요소, 지역사회 아웃리치 대상자, 지역사회 아웃리치 실천기술에 대한 개별적 접근 (클라이언트와 관계맺기, 동기부여하기), 조직적 접근(기관차원에서 정기적으로 하기, 기관정책 차원에서 체계마련하기), 지역적 접근(지역주민과 함께 하기, 지역사회 기관들과 함께 하기)으로 구분하였다. 또한 사회복지사들의 실천경험토대 지역사회 아웃리치 인식, 장애물, 기술 구조화를 제시하였다. 마지막으로 사회복지사들의 지역사회 아웃리치에 대한 개입과 실천방법에 대한 함의에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand how social workers in community welfare centers use their community outreach skills. This study used Giorgi phenomenological methodology to in-depth interview 15 social workers. The essential meaning of the phenomenon of community outreach, as experienced by social workers in community welfare centers is analysed. The interviews referenced 74 meaning units, 12 revelatory themes and seven core themes. Core themes identified four: community outreach concepts(meaning of community outreach, going to the clients), necessity of community outreach, clients’ type of community outreach, obstacles of community outreach. Community outreach practice skills fell into three themes: individual approach(relationships with clients centered, motivating clients), organizational approach(approaching with regulary, with a system at the agency level), and community aprroach(being with community citizens, being with commingy agencies). Finally, this study discussed some of the implications of community outreach practice for social workers in community welfare centers.

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