사회적 체계이론의 관점으로 본 경쟁스포츠의 일곱 가지 특성

Abstract

This study aims to identify seven properties of competitive sports in modern society as a functional system to be qualified by making use of the theory of Niklas Luhmann’s social systematic theory. This kind of study is returning to the question like ‘How do competitive sports consist of?’not to the question like ‘What are competitive sports?’resulting from ontological thought and this study also has a meaning to see the competitive sports from the epistemic constructive thought not from the ontological one. Competitive sports operate with organizing and sorting closed though re-entry and are also distinguished from the environment in accordance with inherent operating ways like other functional systems. Like this, the seven properties to be qualified in competitive sports as a functional system should have firstly, closure(environmental openness) which means differentiation from the environment. Secondly, it should have autopoiesis like other functional systems. Thirdly, it should interact with a meaning. Fourthly, it should observe inside/outside. Fifthly, it should have environmental openness and structural interlocking. Sixthly, it has a dominant binomial code(self-directed program, dominant function, media production). Lastly, it should be self-descriptive. Like these, competitive sports have been assigned to a firm status just like functional systems in politics, religion, arts, study, and economy in modern society which has undergone segmental and hierarchical differentiation and also have the seven properties described above.