Achievements and Limitations of Truth and Reconciliation Committee, Republic of Korea:With a Case Study of Latin America
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The still ongoing transitional justice against state violence in the past in South Korea possesses a sense of world history. It is unfortunate, however, that the prevailing assessment is that the settlement has been incomplete. In the case of South Korea, however, such measures as the government’s apology and awarding reparations, or establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Committee did not entail bringing apologies by the offender groups or individuals due to several restrictions. For a condition to bring the victims’ forgiveness, there should be a premise of agreement of the members of the society on the necessities of transitional justice. This paper questions the delayed follow-up measures on transitional justice since the activities of the Truth and Reconciliation Committee was over in 2010. The study assumes that the national sentiment about the government power and the deep-rooted conflicts existing thereby were the main stumbling blocks in breaking with the past. In this context, it will be meaningful to analyze the domestic cases of transitional justice and to compare them with those overseas. Therefore, this paper intends to carry out a comparative analysis of Transitional justice in South Korea with the cases of Latin American countries that have been actively doing the work without ceasing. Through this analysis, the paper tries to figure out a model of historical settlement in South Korea, and how overcoming the red complex would affect South Korean society and the inter-Korean integration process. Also this paper provides groundwork for discussions on the settlement of past affairs regarding North Korea on the way to reunification between South and North Korea and to enter an era of a unified Korea. The experience of clearing the past affairs bygones in South Korea will provide important empirical liquidation processes — reckoning with the past — of the two Koreas being unified.
Abstract
The still ongoing transitional justice against state violence in the past in South Korea possesses a sense of world history. It is unfortunate, however, that the prevailing assessment is that the settlement has been incomplete. In the case of South Korea, however, such measures as the government’s apology and awarding reparations, or establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Committee did not entail bringing apologies by the offender groups or individuals due to several restrictions. For a condition to bring the victims’ forgiveness, there should be a premise of agreement of the members of the society on the necessities of transitional justice. This paper questions the delayed follow-up measures on transitional justice since the activities of the Truth and Reconciliation Committee was over in 2010. The study assumes that the national sentiment about the government power and the deep-rooted conflicts existing thereby were the main stumbling blocks in breaking with the past. In this context, it will be meaningful to analyze the domestic cases of transitional justice and to compare them with those overseas. Therefore, this paper intends to carry out a comparative analysis of Transitional justice in South Korea with the cases of Latin American countries that have been actively doing the work without ceasing. Through this analysis, the paper tries to figure out a model of historical settlement in South Korea, and how overcoming the red complex would affect South Korean society and the inter-Korean integration process. Also this paper provides groundwork for discussions on the settlement of past affairs regarding North Korea on the way to reunification between South and North Korea and to enter an era of a unified Korea. The experience of clearing the past affairs bygones in South Korea will provide important empirical liquidation processes — reckoning with the past — of the two Koreas being unified.
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