Mismatches between Ideological Proximity and Partisanship of American Citizens
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This study analyzes the alignment of ideological proximity with bipartisanship among American citizens using data from the Pew Research Center’s 2015 Governance Survey. A considerable number of survey respondents revealed a mismatch between unidimensional (conservative-liberal spectrum) self-placement of ideology, bidimensional identification of ideology, and self-reported bipartisanship. The bidimensional view, which is based on whether an individual supports economic and social interference from the government, manifests as four different types: libertarians (anti-interference in both spheres), communitarians (pro-interference in both spheres), conservatives (supporting social interference, but not supporting economic interference), and liberals (supporting economic interference, but not supporting social interference). This paper found that American partisanship is not congruent with the unidimensional spectrum, but rather is better aligned with the bidimensional view of ideology. Most libertarians identify themselves as Republicans, while most communitarians consider themselves Democrats. However, conservatives and liberals are not characterized with dominant partisanship. The four types of ideology showed notable differences in political attitudes and demographic conditions.
Abstract
This study analyzes the alignment of ideological proximity with bipartisanship among American citizens using data from the Pew Research Center’s 2015 Governance Survey. A considerable number of survey respondents revealed a mismatch between unidimensional (conservative-liberal spectrum) self-placement of ideology, bidimensional identification of ideology, and self-reported bipartisanship. The bidimensional view, which is based on whether an individual supports economic and social interference from the government, manifests as four different types: libertarians (anti-interference in both spheres), communitarians (pro-interference in both spheres), conservatives (supporting social interference, but not supporting economic interference), and liberals (supporting economic interference, but not supporting social interference). This paper found that American partisanship is not congruent with the unidimensional spectrum, but rather is better aligned with the bidimensional view of ideology. Most libertarians identify themselves as Republicans, while most communitarians consider themselves Democrats. However, conservatives and liberals are not characterized with dominant partisanship. The four types of ideology showed notable differences in political attitudes and demographic conditions.
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