동남아 반미주의 분석: 배경과 성격

Abstract

Americans have tended to believe that the United States became a hegemonic power after World War II as the champion of freedom against fascism and communism, as the advocates of economic development, and social progress. Americans thought that their international reputation would benefit from their standing for liberal democratic development and stability. But Americans have a tendency to overlook the dark sides of their course of development. It is not surprising that the decades following the Vietnam War, incidents and conflicts in Southeast Asia were marked by the many criticisms of American hegemonic behavior and policy, so-called anti-Americanism. The criticism includes the contrast between American ideology of universal liberalism and the support of repressive and authoritarian regimes, America’s frequent unilateralism, the difficult relationship between the United States and the United Nations, the dissatisfaction with America’s financial contributions for developing countries, most notably, before and during the Asian economic crisis of the mid-1990s, the biased America’s Israel policy, and so on. Americans can try to limit its violent forms of anti-Americanism in Southeast Asia by doing first, reorienting America’s policy toward Islamic states, second, replacing the market-based American-led development system, third, stopping to support the repressive regimes, fourth, paying attention to international economic policies for the developing world, finally, focusing more on people suffering under authoritarian governments than regimes.