테러와 전쟁과 동남아의 반테러리즘 정책
On the War on Terrorism and the Counter-Terrorism Policy in Southeast Asia
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초록
9.11 테러 이후 세계질서의 새로운 특징은 국제정치의 구성원리로서 테 러와의 전쟁(war on terrorism), 대테러리즘(anti-terrorism), 그리고 반 테러리즘(counter-terrorism)의 부상이다. 동남아 국가들은 테러와의 전 쟁에 많은 중요성을 부여하지 않고 있지만, 미국과 미국 동맹국들의 압력, 그리고 UN(United Nations)결의안으로 역내에서 국제적인 테러리즘의 네 트워크의 확산을 예방하고 근절하기 위해 국내정책과 외교정책의 구조에 조 정과 역할을 강요받았다 미국이 동남아 지역을 테러와 전쟁의 제 2전선으로 설정하고 반테러리즘 정책을 수행하는 과정에서 동남아 지역에서 반미정서가 높아졌고 확산되었 다. 그러나 이 지역의 반미정서는 쟁점에 따라서 쉽게 변화될 수 있다. 2004년 12월부터 동남아 지역에서 계속적으로 발생한 쓰나미, 지진, 홍수, 산사태 그리고 여러 가지 자연재해의 구난과 구호 활동을 통해 미국에 대 한 이미지가 개선되었다. 특히 미군들의 신속하고, 헌신적이고, 효과적이고, 관대한 구호와 복구 등 인도적인 활동은 이 지역 사람들에게 많은 감동을 줄 수 있었다. 미국은 인도네시아, 필리핀에 제공한 대규모의 경제적 지원 을 교육 분야 집중시켰다. 동남아 지역이 미국의 헌신적인 지원을 이해하 고, 미국이 군사력보다는 소프트 파워에 더 많이 의지하면 양자관계가 긍정 적이고 건설적인 방향으로 전개될 수 있다.
Abstract
A defining feature of the post-9/11 world has been the war on terrorism, anti-terrorism, counter-terrorism's emergence as an organizing principle of international politics. Although not all states attach as much importance to fighting terrorism as the Bush administration does, under pressure from Washington and its allis and proddes by the United Nations there are very few states that have not been forced to make some adjustments to domestic and foreign policy structures to take account of the spread of terrorist networks. Southeast Asia's role in this war on terror continues as critical second front. While U. S. looks upon Southeast Asia regions as the second front on terrorism and operates the counter-terrorism, an antipathy toward the U.S. has widely spread several states. But current levels of antipathy toward the U.S. need not be viewed as permanent. These could change in reaction to events. As with the tsunami aid, these feelings may be swayed in positive directions in appreciation of Americal assistance and through Washington's resources to soft-power approaches.
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