朱子 心性論과 융 분석심리학의 학제 간 접목을 통한 개인과 사회의 조화로운 공존에 대한 모색

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to find new ways of coexistence and harmony between the individual and society, as well as individuality and the universal through the integration of Zhu Xi’s (朱子) theory on human nature (心性論) and Jungian analytical psychology. Zhu Xi’s theory on human nature and Jungian psychology fundamentally share a mutually identical philosophic view on the structure and system of human nature: in both theories, universal reality that communicates with the heavens (天) is said to be materialized within human nature, rather than in the outside world. Therefore, the general principle of Zhu Xi, represented by xing ji li (性卽理; nature is identical with order/principle), is that as human nature corresponds to li (理: rational principle) of the heavens, li (rational principle) is ultimately immanent in the world of the human mind; and hence, human nature(本性) is said to materialize in a yin-yang (太極) structure. This is in line with the discovery of intrinsic individual truth within the absolute, universal and consciousness-transcending characteristics of the ‘archetypus des Selbst' of Jungian psychology, i.e. the process of achieving wholeness of the mind as the true ‘Self’. However, Zhu Xi's thoery is likely to be regarded as a theory that emphasizes only suppressing an individual's desire for moral accomplishment. Therefore, this study is a psychological and philosophical contemplation for the process of comprehension for the universal social order and reason beyond the individual, starting from the expression process of despair and depressed desire centered on the personal treatment process of Jungian Analytical Psychology, ending with the confrontation process with the inner forms of collective unconsciousness of Jungian Analytical Psychology and the integrating process of archetypus des Selbst which represents the center of human spirit and wholism. Through this process, Zhu Xi's theory and analytical psychology can be understood as a modern language and methodology of today, and the implication of this study is seeking a harmonious coexistence of individual and society.