명청시기 행정막부의 사야집단과 왕휘조의 자서전 『병탑몽흔록』

Abstract

This essay has been written to illuminate the motif of the middle class’s growing up in the history of east-asian literature. In this paper, I probed whole area for comprehension on the shiye group in Ching china, so that readers of the korean literature in classical chinese can compare readily it to the middle class of Joseon. I firstly set up the shiye who entered the local administrative society as ‘the middle class’, and then examined the formation and the role of the shiye group in turn, finally analyzed Wang hui-zu’s autobiography BingTa-MengHen-Lu as an individual case. The background of the formation of shiye group in the 18th. of the Qing dynasty was from a macro-environment which created the lack of local administrative experts. The people who tried to make a living in this niche were mostly the official school students Qing-china. The official-selecting system which was biased towards the imperial examination produced countless the official school studens due to its rigidity, and some of them became a source of administrative affairs as means for livelihood themselves. The role of shiye as the administrative was not only to assist the officials in administrative work, but also to monitor and control sub-assistants of officials. Since shiye was administrative experts invited by local government officials personally, and the relationship between shiye and the officials was equal as well as independent, and they were highly respected each other. The Wang hui-zu and his autobiography as an individual case were examined to consider Wang Hui-zu's life of career of governor office, the motive, the content and the format of his writing 'BingTa-MengHen-Lu', and its relevance to the mainstream academic style of the time. The form of his personal annals BingTa-MengHen-Lu had been rooted in the study of family geneology which was popular during the Qianlong/Jiaqing period. However, in the compilation of his writing, the internal cause acted as a bigger factor than the external background. Because despite of his father's worry about decreasing person's virtue and descendant's portion, Wang selected a legal adviser' path finally, so throughout his whole life as the legal adviser greatly influenced on his attitude of mind, plus on his words and on his actions. His mental attitude made his works and the content of his life to pursue the Wuziqi(毋自欺, no self deceiving) and Shishiqiushi(實事求是, seeking truth in actual facts), and his autobiography combined his such life with the form of 'Annals'.