18세기 초 네덜란드 ‘인간의 단계’ 연작 판화집의 교육적 기능
The Educational Function of the Early Eighteenth-Century Dutch ‘Stages of Man’ Print Series
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〈인간의 처음, 중간, 그리고 끝〉이라는 주제는 전통적으로 인간의 단계를 소개하는 알레고리 형태로 재현되어 왔다. 그러나 얀 라이켄의 엠블럼집의 50장면은 45장면을 유아기, 유년기에 할애하고 있어 다른 연작들과는 구별되는 특성을 보인다. 본 논문은 이 엠블럼집이 ‘인간의 단계’라는 주제를 나타낸 책이라기보다는 교육 도서였다고 보고 네덜란드에서 16세기부터 관심을 가졌던 어린이 교육의 관점에서 그 기능을 분석하였다. 또한 본 논문은 현재까지 네덜란드 개혁교회의 입장에서 해석되어 온 어린이 이미지를 저자와 출판업자가 속해 있던 메노파의 관점으로 분석하고 영국 청교도 문학이 이 엠블럼집 제작에 미친 영향을 살펴보았다.
Abstract
Jan Luyken’s Des Menschen, begin, midden en einde (1712) has been traditionally interpreted as an allegory depicting the stages of man. The composition of its images, however, differs from that of typical ‘three stages of man’ series in that 45 out of 50 illustrations are devoted to infancy and childhood. This paper argues that Luyken’s emblem book was intended as a book on child education, which was an important topic in the Netherlands since the sixteenth century, rather than as a commentary on the stages of life in general. Luyken’s view on children, as represented in this emblem book, diverges from standard seventeenth-century Calvinist ideas of the Dutch Reformed Church. This paper maintains that the differences reflect Luyken and his publisher’s Mennonite beliefs and Luyken’s understanding of Puritan children’s literature.
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