의암 손병희의 성･심･신 삼단수련과 인내천 리더십

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to reveal the essence of Inaecheon(人乃天) leadership by exploring the meaning of the training method of nature, mind, body, and three stages, which is the internal spiritual foundation of independence activist Uiam(義菴) Son Byeong-hee(孫秉熙). Uiam Son Byeong-hee's nature, mind, and body - The three-step training method is mentioned in Uiam's book, 『Incorporeal Dharma Sutra(無體法經)』, where nature is called the source and mind is a medium that connects nature and body. This means that the action of nature is transmitted through the mind to the body and action is taken. Additionally, Uiam developed his own method of chanting sutras as a way to practice it. Unlike the existing ‘silent song (黙誦)’, which is memorized silently, and ‘hyeonsong (現誦)’, which is memorized out loud, Uiam had a sense of the topic when reciting sutras, ‘What is inside me that controls me?’ This is because there was an earnest intention to find one's inner self, which is connected to the original mind and heaven, in an attitude of always being awake and observing one's mind based on the nature connected to the heavenly energy. He added a new training method to the existing method of sutra reading and connected it to the Inaecheon idea. Uiam emphasized that since the nature and mind are fundamentally one, practitioners should cultivate both nature and mind together, and advocated simultaneous training of nature, mind, and body. You can find your true self only when you feel the state of nothingness and emptiness by practicing the changes that occur in your own body and mind based on nature, which is the absolute fundamental power of heaven. In the end, one can achieve self-awareness and reach perfection of individuality. In this way, it can be said that Inaecheon leadership, which realizes the nature of heaven and becomes one with heaven, was formed through the method of simultaneously conducting training in the three stages - nature, mind, and body. Uiam's Inaecheon leadership not only laid the foundation for the restoration of national sovereignty by instilling new education and historical consciousness in young talents in colonial Joseon who were under pressure from quasi-religious policies, but eventually took the lead in laying the foundation for the independence movement. Furthermore, Uiam's Inaecheon leadership was based on internal essence rather than external, and utilized it for an efficient independence movement through acceptance of Western civilization and culture, education, and publishing activities. He also played a major role in the independence movement as a representative of the March 1st Movement.