中国东北方言的社会语言学调查 — 以四平市不同年龄层的调查者为例

Abstract

This article tried to grasp the real usage of Chinese Northeast dialect vocabulary through survey study of. the its use and furthermore aims at predicting the developmental direction of the vocabulary. As a result of the survey centering on the city of Siping, the home and base of Manchu people, conducted by means of age group classification - youth, middle and old age - we’ve come to a conclusion as follows. First, the research subjects in Siping showed much lower usage rate than their recognition rate toward the equivalent vocabulary, which can be the result of Mandarin dissemination policy by the government since Chinese economic reform. Secondly, according to the study of the subjects’ attitude to the dialect, young and old people had very high self-esteem about the dialect and answered that they would make steady use of it. On the other hand, middle-aged people who lead society avoided using the dialect vocabulary at work or outside the house, which explains the big gap between the usage and recognition rate of the vocabulary. Third, the outcome of the categorization study - one-syllable, two-syllable, multiple-syllable words, and borrowed words – makes us predict that most of the Chinese Northeast Dialect vocabulary will disappear or be replaced with Mandarin vocabulary, except some one-syllable words with negative colors.