조선후기 통신사행의 三使 선발과 대일정책

Abstract

This paper is aiming to clarify that Tongsinsa(Communication Envoy) was a envoy dispatched activly as a part of its diplomacy toward Japan through selection of Samsa(Three envous) in the latter period of Chosun, focusing on Samsa which led Tongsinsa in charge of the delegate. Samsa who was considered as Tongsinsa undertook an important assignment in charge of the envoy. So, they were the first selection in the delegate in preparing, and participated in tortuous process of preparing and adjusted to atmosphere of diplomacy toward Japan. The expectations about the role of these Samsa led to a review of the experience of the government posts, it influenced their selection for Samsa. Thus, as the result of analyzing their government posts with Bibyensa(the office of Border Defense) and Yejo(Ministry fo Rites) which was a central institute in the system of the diplomacy toward Japan, majority of them already worked for these institutes. That time largely concentrated between 1646~1762. In other words, people who participated in approval process of diplomacy toward Japan such as Bibyensa or Yejo officials consistently took part in Tongsinsa from the envoy in 1655. These changes of selection of Samsa were caused by changes in diplomacy toward Japan of Chosun. As the ill effects of trade with Japan increased, it became an opportunity to think more deeply about this issue for Chosun. In result, "Geumsanipgacbang Yackjo(禁散入各房約條)" was enacted to prevent smuggling in 1653. Meanwhile, as the number of trading vessel which came to Chosun was increasing, Chosun tried to prevent its increasing for alleviating the economic trouble of people in Youngnam Province and to control Tsushima(對馬島) with fluctuation of trading vessels through dispatch of Tongsinsa trip in 1655. Despite the specific change in diplomacy toward Japan, it has not properly assessed. Because the attempt to change of diplomacy toward Japan in the narrow situation with circumstances of continents in China would not be significantly visible difference. However, it is parked in relation between Chosun and Japan since Tongsinsa trip in 1682, Chosun could take the lead at relationship between the two contries in the stable atmosphere, and sign such as the Kyegae Treaty of 1683 and the Sinmyo Treaty of 1711. Thus the meaning of Tongsinsa trip in 1655 on the development of diplomacy toward Japan in the latter period of Chosun is very clear. That's why we need to understand in different perspectives and active evaluation in the future.